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TExES 118 Social Studies 4-8 -Competency 1 Important Issues, Events & People PART 1 Exam Questions and Answers
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TExES 118 Social Studies 4-8 -Competency 1 Important Issues, Events & People PART 1
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TExES 118 Social Studies 4-8[Competency 1: Important Issues,
Events & People PART 1]
Cabeza de Vaca
(born as Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca between 1488 and 1490, died between 1557
and 1558) was a famous Spanish explorer who today remains remembered for
the records of his disastrous journey to the New World, loss of his entire
expedition, fall into slavery, exploration and eventual salvation and return to the
Europe.
Alonso Álvarez de Pineda
commanded a Spanish expedition that sailed along the Gulf of Mexico coastline
from Florida to Cabo Rojo, Mexico, in 1519. He and his men were the first
Europeans to explore and map the Gulf littoral between the areas previously
explored by Juan Ponce De León and Diego Velázquez.
Francisco Coronado
the 16th-century Spanish explorer Francisco Vázquez de Coronado (c. 1510-1554)
was serving as governor of an important province in New Spain (Mexico) when he
heard reports of the so-called Seven Golden Cities located to the north. In 1540,
Coronado led a major Spanish expedition up Mexico's western coast and into the
region that is now the southwestern United States.
Though the explorers found none of the storied treasure, they did discover the
Grand Canyon and other major physical landmarks of the region and clashed
, violently with local Indians. With his expedition labeled a failure by Spanish
colonial authorities, Coronado returned to Mexico, where he died in 1554.
la Salle
René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle was a French explorer best known for
leading an expedition down the Mississippi River, claiming the region for France.
The search for gold
Soon after Christopher Columbus arrived in the Americas in 1492, the Spanish
began to hear stories of civilizations with immense riches. Hoping to claim this
wealth and territory for Spain and themselves, conquistadors, or "conquerors,"
sailed across the Atlantic Ocean.
When they ventured onto the mainland, they found an immense landscape that
was already home to tens of thousands of American Indians. Conflict between the
two groups was frequent, leading to misunderstandings, exploitation, and
violence. While their explorations gave Europeans a better understanding of the
Americas, the conquistadors who explored the land now known as Texas often
failed to find the wealth and resources, they were looking for leading the Spanish
to focus colonization efforts further south for many years.
Conflicting territorial claims between France and Spain
In 1685 Texas was without a boundary and without a name. The Spaniards had
not yet penetrated east of the Rio Grande, at least below the Paso del Norte; and
La Salle was still endeavoring and hoping to establish the fact that he was in the
vicinity of one of the mouths of the Mississippi. Texas to him and his people, and
afterward his nation, was a part of Louisiana.
He had discovered the mouth of the great river; the coast thence to the confines
of Mexico; had planted a colony on one of her rivers; had stocked it with domestic
animals, and planted fields with the seeds of husbandry. By all the rules, then, of
national law, apart from the claim of the Indians, the country was French, and, if
they chose to call it so, a part of Louisiana.
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