NUR 352 Exam 2 Study Guide with
Questions and Correct Answers
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs ✅basic physiological needs must be met before
psychological safety and security
safety ✅freedom from accidental injury
patient safety ✅the prevention of healthcare errors and the elimination or mitigation of
patient injury caused by healthcare errors
adverse event ✅unintended harm by an act of commission or omission rather than as
a result of a disease process
near miss ✅error of commission or omission that could have harmed a patient, but
harm did not occur as a result of chance
sentinel event ✅unexpected occurrence involving death or serious injury
serious reportable event (SRE) ✅an unambiguous, largely (if not entirely) preventable,
serious event that includes any of the following: adverse, indicative of a problem in a
healthcare setting safety system, ad important for public accredibility or accountability
fall risk ✅factors that cause a patient to have impaired mobility
What population has the greatest fall risk? ✅patients 65 years and older
What are risk factors for falls? ✅history of falling, being 65+, reduced vision, orthostatic
hypotension, lower extremity weakness, gait and balance problems, urinary
incontinence, improper use of walking aids, and effects of various medications
What are some nursing interventions for patients with a fall risk? ✅keep bedside
environment free from clutter & belongings close to them, bed low and locked, nonskid
socks, explain how to use call light, institute fall prevention protocols, yellow wristbands
to indicate risk for fall, patient centered care making patients and families their partners
in recognizing the risk and preventive action, for assistive aids routinely check the
condition of rubber tips and integrity of the aid
physical restraint ✅any manual method, physical or mechanical device, material, or
equipment that immobilizes or reduces the ability of a patient to move arms, legs, body,
or head freely
, restraint protocols ✅(1) must know agency specific policies and procedures for
appropriate use and monitoring of restraints (2) physicians order is required and they
must have face to face assessment (3) ongoing assessment of patients restrained such
as checking up on patient every 2 hours for soft restraints and every 15 minutes for
leather restraints (4)PRN order NOT allowed for restraints, it needs to be for a certain
amount of time, need revaluation, remove as soon as you can (5) nursing home laws
prohibit use of restraints except in emergencies and cannot use without a residents
consent (6) remove restraints if objectives have been met, coherent, or no longer
combative
situations needing restraints ✅must be able implemented to meet one of the following
objectives: (1) reduce risk of patient injury from falls (2) prevent interruption of therapy
such as traction, IV infusions, nasogastric feedings, or foley catheterization (3) prevent
patients who are confused or combative from removing life support equipment (4)
reduce risk of injury to others by the patient
What is the greatest age safety related concerns for infants, toddlers, preschoolers ✅<
5 years old are at greatest risk for home accidents that result in severe injury and death
& include poisoning, choking, fire from playing with matches, falls, riding unrestrained in
a motor vehicle, drowning, and head trauma from objects
What is the greatest age safety related concerns for school-age children? ✅risk for
injury at home, at school, and while traveling to and from school since they perform
more complicated motor activities and often are uncoordinated
What is the greatest age safety related concerns for adolescents? ✅at risk for injury
from automobile accidents, suicide, and substance abuse & they engage in risk-taking
behaviors such as smoking and drinking
What is the greatest age safety related concerns for adults? ✅safety are frequently
associated with lifestyle habits like smoking, drinking, hazardous work
What is the greatest age safety related concerns for older adults? ✅directly related to
the physiological changes of the aging process, including effects of multiple
medications, psychological and cognitive factors, and the effects of acute or chronic
disease increase an older adult's risk for falls and other types of accidents w/ the risk of
being seriously injured in a fall increases with age
home safety risks for older adults ✅adequacy of lighting (inside and outdoors),
presence of safety devices such as locks on doors and windows, remove obstacles
from the halls, placement of furniture or other items that can create barriers, condition of
flooring, and safety in the kitchen and bathrooms
