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POLS 206 Haney exam 1 – Questions And Answers
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POLS 206 Haney exam 1 – Questions And Answers
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POLS 206 Haney exam 1 –Questions And Answers
What is government? - -Institutions and procedures through which land and
people are ruled. Can be simple, like a tribal council.
-Autocracy - -Single ruler
-Oligarchy - -Small group of landowners, military officer, religious leader,
wealthy merchant rules
-Democracy - -Permits citizens to play a significant part in the governmental
process
-Constitutional limit - -formal and effective limits placed on the powers of
government
-Authoritarian limit - -no formal limits are placed on the governments may
be effectively limited by social institutions
-Totalitarianism - -no formal or effective limits on governments power of
any kind
-What is politics ? - -Politics can take many forms. There are conflicts and
struggle over leadership, structure, and policies.
-5 Principles of Politics - -o All political behavior has a purpose
o Institution structure politics
o Collective action
o Outcomes are the product
o History matters
-Rationality Principle - -All political behavior has a purpose.
-Institution Principle - -Institutions structure politics. Institutions provide
authority in four ways
o Jurisdictions- decisions may be made
o Agenda and veto power- gatekeeping power and the power to say "no"
o Decisiveness- rules for decision making
o Delegation- transmission of authority
-Collective Action Principle - -All politics is collective action. Gets more
difficult with the more people that are involved.
, -Policy Principle - -political outcomes are the products of individual
preferences and institutional procedures
-History Principle - -Decisions and actions in the past affect political choices
and outcomes today.
-Path Dependency - -the idea that certain possibilities are made more or
less likely because of the historical path taken
-The Enlightenment - -A movement in the 18th century that advocated the
use of reason in the reappraisal of accepted ideas and social institutions.
-Origins of American Political thought - -o 476 CE- fall of western Roman
Empire
o 500 CE-1500CE - middle/dark ages in western Europe
o 1095-1291- European Crusades
o 1543 scientific revolution
-Scientific Revolution - -o The Enlightenment grew largely out of the new
methods and discoveries achieved in the Scientific revolution
o Intellectual movement in Europe during the 18th century that led to. New
worldview
o Immanuel Kant "Sapere Aude! Have the courage to use your own
intelligence."
o Francis Bacon develops the scientific method
o Isaac Newton
-Enlightenment principles - -Deism- there is a supreme being but does not
involve itself in a human daily life
Religion, tradition, and superstition were limited with independent thought
Accept knowledge based on observation, logic, and reason, not faith
Scientific and academic thought would be secular
Morality could be achieved through reason rather than the teaching of the
church
-Voltaire (1694-1778) - -1. French philosophe and voluminous author of
essays and letters
2. Championed the enlightened principles of reason, progress, toleration, and
individual liberty
3. Opposed superstition, intolerance, and ignorance
4. Criticized organized religion for perpetuating superstition and intolerance
-Jean-Jacques Rousseau - -A French man who believed that Human beings
are naturally good & free & can rely on their instincts. Government should
exist to protect common good, and be a democracy. The Social Contract.
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