PMCOL 371 Lecture 11: Neurotransmitter
Actions. Exam Questions With Correct
Answers
How is an AP initiated? - answerwhen EPSP is big enough to bring cell to threshold
What are the six criteria that a substance must meet to be considered a neurotransmitter? -
answer1. presence and synthesis
2....
How is an AP initiated? - answer✔when EPSP is big enough to bring cell to threshold
What are the six criteria that a substance must meet to be considered a neurotransmitter? -
answer✔1. presence and synthesis
2. release
3. identity of action
4. pharmacology
5. inactivation
6. behavioural criteria
Describe the 'presence of synthesis' criteria for being a neurotransmitter. - answer✔presynaptic
neuron should contain the transmitter and be able to synthesis it
Describe the 'release' criteria for being a neurotransmitter. - answer✔transmitter should be
released on stimulation of the presynaptic neuron
Describe the 'identity of action' criteria for being a neurotransmitter. - answer✔application of
the transmitter to the postsynaptic cell should reproduce the effects of normal transmission
Describe the 'pharmacology' criteria for being a neurotransmitter. - answer✔action of
transmitter and effect of presynaptic nerve stimulation should be altered in the same way by
antagonists
Describe the 'inactivation' criteria for being a neurotransmitter. - answer✔there should be a
mechanism of inactivation of the transmitter
Describe the 'behavioural' criteria for being a neurotransmitter. - answer✔drugs that affect the
transmitter systems should have observable effects on the whole animal
Where is the neurotransmitters binding site on ionotropic receptors? - answer✔binding site is
intrinsic to the ion channel protein
Describe the neurotransmitters binding site on metabotropic receptors. - answer✔- binding site
is remote
- info from the neurotransmitter binding site is transduced via G proteins and/or via second
messengers
What are the 4 effects of neurotransmitter binding to metabotropic receptors? - answer✔1.
interacts indirectly with the ion channel
2. neuromodulatory effects
3. often lead to decreases in conductance of K+ or Ca2+ channels
4. pleiotropic action
What does pleiotropic action of neurotransmitters mean? - answer✔pleiotropic = producing
more than one effect
- because they can activate second messengers, they can orchestrate a change in physiological
status of postganglionic neuron
- neurotransmitter can affect a variety of ion channels, ion pumps, enzymes, and gene expression
What are 4 examples of metabotropic receptors? - answer✔1. muscarinic ACh receptor
2. alpha and beta adrenoceptors
3. metabotropic amino acid receptor
4. peptide receptors
Which neurotransmitters can act at both ionotropic and metabotropic receptors? -
answer✔ACh, GABA, Glutamate, and 5HT
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