ALS PMCOL 412 Exam Questions With
Correct Answers
What neurons are affected in ALS? - answerCorticospinal (upper) and bulbar (lower) spinal
motoneurons
What is ALS characterized by? - answerScarring in the lateral tracts of the spinal cord and
deposition of cytoplasmic protein inclusions
How ...
What neurons are affected in ALS? - answer✔Corticospinal (upper) and bulbar (lower) spinal
motoneurons
What is ALS characterized by? - answer✔Scarring in the lateral tracts of the spinal cord and
deposition of cytoplasmic protein inclusions
How long do people generally live from onset of disease? - answer✔3-5 years - death from
respiratory muscle paralysis
What are the symptoms of ALS? - answer✔-Progressive muscle weakness, fasciculations,
slowness of movement; respiratory dysfunction in advanced stages
-Cognitive changes can be present such as executive dysfunction, language and memory
impairment
-Fronto-temporal dementia and psychiatric symptoms develop in 15% of ALS patients
What percent of ALS cases are sporadic and what percent are familiar? - answer✔90% and
10%
What are four environmental factors that could predispose someone to ALS? - answer✔1. Lead
2. Aluminium
3. Exposure to fertilizers and pesticides
4. Head injuries
What is a high penetrance gene associated with ALS? - answer✔SOD1
What are six molecular mechanisms for ALS/FTD? - answer✔1. Disturbances in protein
quality control
2. Hyperactivation of microglia
3. Diminished energy supply from reduction in MCT1 transporter
4. Excitotoxicity from reduced glutamate uptake
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Brightstars. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.