RESPIRATORY SYSTEM AND THE DISEASES IN RESPIRATORY
TRACT (full respiratory system description and elaboration)
NURSING STUDY
,
, -
NOSE
- the only externally visible part of the respiratory
RESIPIRATORY SYSTEM
- provides oxygen to the body, disposes of carbon
dioxide, and helps regulate blood pH
- gas exchange occurs in the air sacs of the lungs,
called alveoli, and at capillary beds around the
body
- share responsibility for supplying the body with
oxygen and disposing of carbon dioxide
- respiratory system organs oversee the gas
exchanges that occur between the blood and the
external environment
- using blood as the transporting fluid, the
cardiovascular system organs transport
respiratory gases between the lungs and the cells
in the rest of the body
system
- if either system fails, cells begin to die from
- during breathing, air enters the nose by passing
oxygen starvation and accumulation of carbon
through the nostrils, or nares.
dioxide
- interior of the nose consists of
Nasal cavity - divided by a midline nasal
FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF THE septum
RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM - Olfactory receptors for the sense of smell are
located in the mucosa in the slitlike superior part
- organs of the respiratory system include
of the nasal cavity, beneath the ethmoid bone
Nose Pharynx Larynx Trachea
- Respiratory mucosa - the rest of the mucosa
Bronchi and their smaller branches
lining the nasal cavity; rests on a rich network of
Lungs, which contain the alveoli (terminal air
thin-walled veins that warms the air as it flows
sacs)
past
- sticky mucus produced by mucosa’s glands
- because gas exchange with the blood happens
moistens the air and traps incoming bacteria and
only in the alveoli, the other respiratory system
other foreign debris
structures are just conducting passageways that
- lysozyme enzymes in the mucus destroy bacteria
carry air through the lungs
chemically
Upper respiratory tract - passageways from
- ciliated cells of the nasal mucosa create a gentle
the nose to the larynx
current that moves the sheet of contaminated
- Lower respiratory tract - passageways from
mucus posteriorly toward the throat (pharynx),
the trachea to the alveoli
where it is swallowed and digested by stomach
- these conducting passageways purify, humidify,
juices
and warm incoming air
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