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Earth Science 101 Correct Answers Latest Version
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Earth Science 101 Correct Answers Latest Version
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Earth Science 101 Correct Answers LatestVersion
The Mesozoic Era was the Age of Dinosaurs, and the current Cenozoic Era is the Age of _____. Answer:
mammals
What divides the two major eons (the Precambrian and Phanerozoic Eons)? Answer: The
appearance of multicellular organisms.
How does an eon differ from an era? Answer: An eon spans hundreds to thousands of millions of
years, while eras span tens to hundreds of millions of years.
Catastrophism assumes that the Earth's landscape was shaped by _____. Answer: violent, short-
lived natural events
James Hutton's theory of _____ earned him the title of 'The Father of Modern Geology.' Answer:
uniformitarianism
Today, geologists believe mostly in _____, with a little bit of _____. Answer: uniformitarianism;
catastrophism
An interface between discontinuous layers of rock is called _____. Answer: an unconformity
Any inclusion found within sedimentary rock must be _____ that rock. Answer: older than
Any fault lines or igneous intrusions that cut across a set of rock strata must be _____ that set of rock.
Answer: younger than
,The Principle of Original Horizontality applies only to _____ rocks. Answer: sedimentary
Radiometric dating is a method used to date rocks based on what? Answer: The known decay rate
of radioactive isotopes within the rocks
The best conditions for preservation of soft tissues are _____ temperatures and _____ air. Answer:
cold; dry
ALL atoms of the same element have: Answer: the same number of protons.
The mass number indicates: Answer: the total number of neutrons and protons.
The nucleus of an atom: Answer: is positively charged.
What is the most common state of matter in the universe? Answer: Plasma
The phase change when gas turns directly into a solid is called: Answer: deposition.
The phase change when a solid goes directly to a gas is called: Answer: sublimation.
Which type of reaction is involved with nuclear reactors? Answer: Fission
Which part of the Earth is the lithosphere? Answer: Crust
The interior of the Earth is part of which sphere? Answer: The geosphere
, How does the mantle differ from the crust? Answer: The mantle is the thickest layer of the earth,
while the crust is the thinnest.
What is the cause of earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountains on Earth? Answer: Convection
currents in the mantle.
How does the inner core differ from the outer core? Answer: The inner core is solid, while the outer
core is liquid.
Which parts of the Earth are contained in the lithosphere? Answer: The upper mantle and the crust.
Why is the inner core solid? Answer: Because it is under too much pressure to melt.
Why can both P and S waves travel through the mantle? Answer: The mantle is a solid.
Where was North America located when it was part of Laurasia? Answer: Near Europe and Asia.
Convection is: Answer: when hot magma near the core rises to the crust, cools, and sinks back
down, forming a current in the mantle.
When plates that are higher at the spreading center flow downhill and eventually flatten out to the
ocean floor, we call that _____. Answer: ridge push
What separates the South American plate and the African plate? Answer: The Mid-Atlantic Ridge
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