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HEALTH 230 (Nutrition) ACTUAL EXAMBANK QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+ GRADED QUEENS UNIVERSITY
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HEALTH 230 (Nutrition) ACTUAL EXAMBANK QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+ GRADED QUEENS UNIVERSITY
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HEALTH 230 (Nutrition) ACTUALEXAMBANK QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+
GRADED QUEENS UNIVERSITY
What pH must the body maintain?
✔✔7.35-7.45 pH
What three things regulate body pH?
✔✔1. buffers
2. lungs
3. kidneys
What are the roles of sodium an how is it regulated?
✔✔roles:
- maintains body fluid balance
- nerve impulse/muscle contraction
Regulation:
- travels freely in blood
- filtered out by kidneys
- high blood sodium triggers thirst
What are the sodium recommendations
✔✔- AI: 1500mg
- UL: 2300mg
,- 85% of men and between 63%-83% of women were above UL
- low sodium in food label is 140mg or less
what is the link between sodium and hypertension and osteoporosis
✔✔hypertension:
- high salt intake causes increase in blood pressure
osteoporosis:
- high sodium intake causes increased calcium excretion
what is DASH?
✔✔- dietary approaches to stop hypertension
- emphasis on fruits/veggies, low fat milk, whole grains, nuts, fish
- want to increase potassium intake and decrease sodium intake
- when we process a whole food, we add sodium and decrease potassium
what are sodium deficiency symptoms and toxicity symptoms?
✔✔deficiency:
- hyponatremia: headahce, confusion, seizures, coma
toxicity:
- high blood pressure and edema
- hypertension
roles, deficiency, toxicity and sources of chloride
✔✔roles:
,- major anion of extracellular fluid
- maintains fluid balance
deficiency:
- diet rarely lacks chloride
toxicity:
- vomiting
sources:
- salt, processed foods, milk, eggs
potassium roles, deficiency, toxicity and sources
✔✔roles;
- principle cation inside the cell
- fluid and electrolyte balance
- cell integrity
- important for the heartbeat
deficiency:
- caused by prolonged vomitting and regular use of diuretics/laxatives
- increased blood pressure, heartbeat, muscle weakness, glucose
intolerance
toxicity:
- result from potassium supplements and salt substitutes
, - muscle weakness, vomitting
sources:
- bananas, potatoes, strawberries, tomatos
phosphorus roles, deficiency, toxicity and sources
✔✔roles:
- phosphoric acid: buffer system in cells
- part of DNA and RNA
- phospholipids
deficiency:
- deficiencies unlikely, no effects of high intake
- kidney disease: high phosphorus may occur and increase risk of bone
disease
sources:
- all animal foods
calcium roles, deficiency, toxicity, sources
✔✔roles:
- mineralization of bones and teeth
- muscle contraction
- nerve function, blood clotting and blood pressure
deficiency:
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