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PSYCHOLOGY FINAL FLASHCARDS
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Which of the following processes typically takes place shortly after people complete their participation in a research study? - answer-debriefing Who was the functionalist who authored a textbook for the emerging discipline of psychology? - answer-William James Compared with the structuralist...

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  • September 18, 2024
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PSYCHOLOGY FINAL Examination

Which of the following processes typically takes place shortly after people complete
their participation in a research study? - answer-debriefing

Who was the functionalist who authored a textbook for the emerging discipline of
psychology? - answer-William James

Compared with the structuralists, early behaviorists were much less likely to focus on
the study of - answer-thinking

Debates as to whether the excessive use of alcohol is biologically determined or
culturally influenced are most relevant to the issue of - answer-Nature and nurture

An integrated explanation of human behavior provided by the neuroscience, cognitive,
social-cultural, and other perspectives in psychology is most clearly provided by -
answer-A biopsychosocial approach

The scientific attitude requires an open-minded humility because it involves a
willingness to - answer-Recognize the errors in our own ideas

The historically significant perspective that emphasized human growth potential was
known as - answer-humanistic psychology

Who pioneered the study of learning? - answer-Ivan Pavlov

The shared ideas and behaviors that one generation passes on to the next is known as
their - answer-culture

Focusing on the extent to which personality is influenced by motives outside our own
awareness is most relevant to the ________ perspective. - answer-psychodynamic

Dr. Stevens provides psychotherapy to people who suffer from excessive anxiety. Dr.
Stevens is most likely a ________ psychologist - answer-Clinical

After the horror of 9/11, many people said the American government should obviously
have foreseen the likelihood of this form of terrorism. This perception most clearly
illustrates - answer-hindsight bias

The tendency to perceive meaningful patterns in random sequences of outcomes often
leads us to underestimate the extent to which outcomes result from - answer-Chance

As a check on their biases, psychologists report their research using operational
definitions, which are - answer-carefully worded statements of the exact procedures
use

,A negative correlation between people's work-related stress and their marital happiness
would indicate that - answer-higher levels of marital happiness are associated with
lower levels of work-related stress.

To assess whether sense of humor is affected by sexual stimulation, researchers
exposed married couples to either sexually stimulating or to sexually nonstimulating
movie scenes prior to watching a comedy skit. In this research, the independent
variable consisted of - answer-Level of sexual stimulation

Which of the following is NOT a useful study tip for improving your retention of course
material? - answer-Cramming for assignments the night before

Janet tends to associate with others whose opinions are similar to her own. While this is
common, this also demonstrates how ________ could lead to misinformation. - answer-
group identity

Many have been told since they were children that if they go outside with wet hair they
will get sick. This belief is actually false. Why do so many people believe this myth? -
answer-Repetition

Which of the following best describes cognitive psychology? - answer-the study of
mental processes, such as occur when we perceive, learn, remember, think,
communicate, and solve problems

Which division of the autonomic nervous system arouses the body and mobilizes its
energy in stressful situations? - answer-the sympathetic nervous system

Evolutionary psychologists would be most likely to predict that - answer-children are
more likely to be valued by their biological fathers than by their stepfathers.

Paul and Jeff are biologically related non-twin siblings raised in the same home
environment. Susan and Cathy are biologically unrelated children adopted at birth and
raised as siblings in the same home environment. People are likely to ________ the
personality similarities of Paul and Jeff and ________ the personality similarities of
Susan and Cathy. - answer-overestimate; overestimate

The knee-jerk reflex requires the activity of the - answer-central nervous system

A segment of DNA that provides the code for creating protein molecules is called a(n) -
answer-gene

The function of dendrites is to - answer-receive incoming signals from other neurons.

Excitatory signals to a neuron must exceed inhibitory signals by a minimum intensity in
order to trigger - answer-an action potential.

, The ancient Greek physician Hippocrates correctly located the mind in the - answer-
brain

Information travels from the spinal cord to the brain through - answer-interneurons

After Terry lost a finger in an industrial accident, the area of his somatosensory cortex
devoted to receiving input from that finger gradually became very responsive to sensory
input from his adjacent fingers. This best illustrates - answer-plasticity

Neurogenesis refers to - answer-the formation of new neurons.

Sensory neurons transmit signals to - answer-interneurons

The two cerebral hemispheres in which specialized work teams that enable our
perceiving, thinking, and speaking are referred to as the - answer-cerebrum

The simplest neural pathways are those that govern our - answer-reflexes

Unlike fraternal twins, identical twins are described as - answer-monozygotic

The number of neurotransmitter molecules located within a specific synaptic gap would
most clearly be reduced by - answer-reuptake

Animal research has revealed a general reward system related to the release of the
neurotransmitter - answer-dopamine

An action potential would be triggered if neuron stimulation caused the electrical charge
to go above which threshold? - answer--55 m V

Motor neurons carry instructions outward, making them - answer-efferent

The best way to detect enlarged fluid-filled brain regions in some patients who have
schizophrenia is to use a(n) - answer-MRI

A rewarding consequence of cigarette smoking is that it reduces - answer-sensitivity to
pain

An EEG shows bursts of rapid, rhythmic brain-wave activity during ________ sleep. -
answer-NREM-2 (N2)

The simultaneous processing of information at both conscious and unconscious levels
is called - answer-dual processing

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