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BIO 181 NAU- EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
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BIO 181 NAU- EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
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BIO 181 NAU- EXAM 1 QUESTIONSWITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Matter5-5ans--✔✔Anything5that5occupies5space5and5has5a5mass
Three5Physical5States5of5Matter5-5ans--✔✔Solid,5liquid,5gas
Element5-5ans--
✔✔Substance5that5cannot5be5broken5down5into5other5substances5by5chemical5reactions
Four5elements5that5make5up5about596%5of5the5weight5and5most5cells:5-5ans--
✔✔Oxygen,5carbon,5hydrogen,5nitrogen
Atoms5-5ans--
✔✔The5smallest5functional5units5of5matter5that5form5ALL5chemical5substances
Three5subatomic5particles5-5ans--✔✔Protons,5Neutrons,5Electrons
Protons5-5ans--
✔✔Positive5charge,5found5in5nucleus.5Number5of5protons5is5what5distinguishes5one5ele
ment5from5another
Atomic5number5-5ans--✔✔How5many5protons5are5in5an5element
Mass5number5-5ans--✔✔sum5of5the5number5of5protons5and5neutrons5in5its5nucleus
Isotopes5-5ans--
✔✔Forms5of5an5element5with5different5numbers5of5neutrons5than5protons.5Ex;5Carbon51
25=565protons5and575neutrons.
Gaining5vs.5Losing5electrons5-5ans--✔✔N+15=5Losing5electron
N-15=5Gaining5electron
Electrons5=5electronegative
, Octet5rule5-5ans--
✔✔Atoms5are5most5stable5when5their5outer5shell5is5full.5The5outer5shell5has5to5be5filled5w
ith585electrons5EXCEPT5Hydrogen5and5Helium5with5just525electrons.
Valence5Electrons5-5ans--
✔✔Electrons5more5likely5to5form5bonds,5taken5away,5or5shared5with5other5atoms.5Electro
ns5in5the5outer5shell
Compounds5-5ans--✔✔Putting5two5elements5together
Two5types5of5chemical5bonds5-5ans--✔✔Ionic5and5covalent
Ionic5Bonds5-5ans--✔✔ELECTRON5SWAP-
5formed5between5oppositely5charged5ions.5Ex;5NaCl
Ions5(25types)5-5ans--✔✔Charged5atoms5
Cations:5Have5a5net5positive5charge5(+)
Anions:5Have5a5net5negative5charge5(-)
Ionic5-5ans--✔✔Something5with5a5charge
Covalent5Bond5-5ans--✔✔Forms5when5two5atoms5SHARE5one5or5more5pairs5of5outer-
shell5electrons.5These5bonds5are5the5strongest5of5bonds.
Polar5Molecules5-5ans--
✔✔An5uneven5distribution5of5charge5Ex;5H2O.5Hydrogen5are5slightly5positive,5oxygen5is5
slightly5negative.
Hydrogen5Bond5-5ans--
✔✔A5weak5attraction5between5a5partially5positive5hydrogen5and5a5partially5negative5ato
m5like5Oxygen.5Causes5cohesion
Cohesion5-5ans--
✔✔The5tendency5of5molecules5of5the5same5kind5to5stick5together.5Ex;5sipping5through5a5
straw.5In5order5for5the5water5to5be5sucked5up5and5stuck5together5is5cohesion
Heat5-5ans--
✔✔The5amount5of5energy5associated5wit5hteh5movement5of5the5atoms5and5molecules5in
5a5body5of5matter
Temperature5-5ans--✔✔Measures5the5intensity5of5heat
Evaporative5Cooling5-5ans--
✔✔Occurs5when5a5substance5evaporates5and5the5surface5of5the5liquid5remaining5behind
5cools5down.5Ex;5sweating
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