PCCN Exam Test Questions and
Answers | Rated A+ | Latest
2024/2025
A S4 heart sound is expected in which of the following?
A. Pericarditis
B. Left ventricular failure
C. Ventricular hypertrophy
D. Bundle branch block
- Correct Answer - c (When the ventricles are thickened, as in
hypertrophy, it is more difficult to fill them adequately. The atria
eject more forcefully, and the vibration of this ejection causes the
S4 heart sound. In the setting of pericarditis, a pericardial friction
rub may be auscultated. A S3 heart sound (ventricular gallop) is
auscultated in heart failure with fluid overload. A split S1 may be
auscultated with a bundle branch block or frequent PVCs)
____________ cells in the pancreas produce glucagon.
- Correct Answer - Alpha
,A 56-year-old suffered a cardiopulmonary arrest & received 45
minutes of chest compressions. He has recovered, but has
severe short term memory loss. On day 3 of his hospital stay, you
notice his urine drainage bag is suddenly full. The urine is clear
without color. He continues with UOP of 700-1000 mL per hour x
2 hours. Which of the following assessment findings would you
expect?
A. Serum sodium level of 126
B. Serum osmolality of 320
C. Urine specific gravity of 1.025
D. Serum potassium of 3.5
- Correct Answer - b (The profound dehydration will lead to an
elevated serum osmolality in Diabetes Insipidus because of the
water loss. In diabetes insipidus there is a lack of ADH. The
sodium level may elevate while the urine specific gravity will drop
due to dilutional effects.)
Earliest signs of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) include:
A. Nystagmus
,B. Decreased level of consciousness
C. Slurred speech
D. Unequal pupils
- Correct Answer - b
You are caring for a patient diagnosed with nephrogenic diabetes
insipidus. Which of the following correctly identifies the cause of
this disorder?
A. Insufficient insulin production
B. Ingestion of excessive amount of water resulting in
suppression of vasopressin release
C. The kidneys are not responding appropriately to vasopressin
(ADH)
D. Deficiency of vasopressin production secondary to damage to
the posterior pituitary
- Correct Answer - c (Diabetes Insipidus (DI) occurs when an
individual has a deficiency or insensitivity to vasopressin (ADH).
There are three types of DI: neurogenic DI, nephrogenic DI, and
, Dipsogenic DI. Neurogenic DI occurs when there has been
damage to the posterior pituitary resulting in a deficiency of
vasopressin. Nephrogenic DI occurs when the kidneys are not
adequately responding to vasopressin. Dipsogenic DI occurs
when there is excessive ingestion of water, which suppresses
vasopressin release, which leads to polyuria. Diabetes Mellitus
type 1 occurs from insufficient insulin production by pancreatic
beta cells.)
The Surviving Sepsis Guidelines recommend
________________________ as the first line vasopressor for
hypotension that is no longer responsive to fluids.
- Correct Answer - Norepinephrine (Levophed)
________________________ is a potent vasoconstrictor that has
been found effective in refractory hypotension, but is not the first
line drug therapy for hypotension in septic shock.
- Correct Answer - Vasopressin
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