NUR 308 AH2 - Fluid and Electrolytes Review Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
NUR 308
Institution
NUR 308
How much of the adult body weight is fluid? 55-60%
How much of the older adult body weight is fluid? 50-55%
What physical characteristics of the body cause variation in total body fluids? Muscle Mass Electrolytes Body Fat Age
What fluids make up the extracellular fluid and how much of each? Plas...
NUR 308 AH2 - Fluid and Electrolytes
Review Questions and Correct Answers
How much of the adult body weight is fluid? ✅55-60%
How much of the older adult body weight is fluid? ✅50-55%
What physical characteristics of the body cause variation in total body fluids? ✅Muscle
Mass
Electrolytes
Body Fat
Age
What fluids make up the extracellular fluid and how much of each? ✅Plasma volume
(3.5-6L)
Interstitial space (10-12L)
How much intracellular fluid does the average adult have? ✅25 L
What are the differences between osmolality, osmotic pressure, and osmosis?
✅Osmolality - the concentration of solutes in water
Osmotic pressure - the ability of solution to attract water
Osmosis - water moving from low to high concentration across semi-permeable
membrane
What is the normal arteriole pressure and what type of pressure is it? ✅Hydrostatic
pressure - 40 mm Hg
(works as pushing pressure)
What is the normal capillary pressure and what type of pressure is it? ✅Colloid
osmotic pressure - 25 mm Hg
(works as pulling pressure)
What is the normal venule pressure and what type of pressure is it? ✅Hydrostatic
pressure - 10 mm Hg
(works as pushing pressure)
What are causes of edema in relation to fluid pressure? ✅Increased tissue oncotic
pressure --> lymph obstruction
Decreased capillary oncotic pressure
Increase capillary hydrostatic pressure --> fluid movement into tissues
, What types of electrolytes are cations? ✅(Positively charged ions)
K+, Na+ , Ca2+, Mg2+
What types of electrolytes are anions? ✅(Negatively charged ions)
Cl-, HCO3-, PO4-, SO42-, Proteins-
What is the difference between osmolality vs osmolarity? ✅Both measure the number
of particles in a solution or the concentration of a solution
Osmolarity is the number of milliosmoles in a liter of solution
Osmolality is the number of milliosmoles in a kilogram of solution
What is the plasma (extracellular) volume of Na+? ✅136-145 mEq/L
What is the intracellular volume of Na+? ✅14 mEq/L
What is the plasma (extracellular) volume of K+? ✅3.5-5.0 mEq/L
What is the intracellular volume of K+? ✅140 mEq/L
What is the intracellular volume of Cl-? ✅~4.6 mEq/L
What is the plasma (extracellular) volume of Cl-? ✅96-109 mEq/L
What is the plasma (extracellular) volume of Ca2+? ✅9.0-10.5 mEq/L
What is the intracellular volume of Ca2+? ✅1.0-8.0 mEq/L
What is the intracellular volume of Mg2+? ✅6-30 mEq/L
What is the plasma (extracellular) volume of Mg2+? ✅1.3-2.1 mEq/L
or
1.8-2.6mEq/dl
What is the plasma (extracellular) volume of proteins? ✅7-8 mEq/L
What is the intracellular volume of proteins? ✅16 mEq/L
What hormone regulates fluid concentration and how? ✅ADH
Stimulated by decreased blood volume or increased serum osmolality; causes
reabsorption of water
What is the normal tonicity of fluid in the body? ✅270-300 mOsm/L
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