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NUR 243 Exam 1 Study Questions and Solutions

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  • NUR 243

Properties of an Ideal Drug effectiveness, safety, selectivity Drug effectiveness how well a drug works. Most important property a drug can have Safety of a drug drug cannot produce harmful effects Selectivity of a drug drug elicits only the response for which it is given Factors in determining...

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  • September 18, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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  • NUR 243
  • NUR 243
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NUR 243 Exam 1 Study Questions and
Solutions
Properties of an Ideal Drug ✅effectiveness, safety, selectivity

Drug effectiveness ✅how well a drug works. Most important property a drug can have

Safety of a drug ✅drug cannot produce harmful effects

Selectivity of a drug ✅drug elicits only the response for which it is given

Factors in determining the intensity of drug responses ✅administration,
pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, sources of individual variation

Factors in determining the intensity of drug responses: drug administration
✅medication errors, patient adherence

Factors in determining the intensity of drug responses: pharmacokinetics ✅absorption,
distribution, metabolism, excretion

Factors in determining the intensity of drug responses: pharmacodynamics ✅drug-
receptor interaction, patients functional state, placebo effects

Factors in determining the intensity of drug responses: sources of individual variation
✅physiologic variables, pathologic variables, genetic variables, drug interactions

5 rights of drug administration ✅right drug, patient, dose, route, time

Additional rights of drug administration ✅right assessment, right documentation, right
evaluation, pt.'s right to education, and pt.'s right to refusal

Application of pharmacology in patient care ✅Preadministration assessment, dosage
and administration, evaluating and promoting therapeutic effects, minimizing adverse
effects, minimizing adverse interactions, making PRN decisions, managing toxicity

Application of Pharmacology in Patient Education ✅Drug name and therapeutic
category, dosage size, dosing schedule, route and technique of administration,
expected therapeutic response and when it should develop, non drug measures to
enhance therapeutic responses

, Application of the Nursing Process ✅Preadministration assessment, analysis and
nursing diagnosis, planning, implementation (educate using printed materials),
evaluation

Stages of Drug Development ✅Preclinical testing, clinical testing (Phase I, Phases II
and III, Phase IV: post marketing surveillance)

Drug Names ✅Chemical name (chemical structure), generic name (based off the
active ingredient), trade name/ brand name (based of the producing company)

Over-the-counter drugs ✅For initial therapy with self medication
Can wreak havoc

The purpose of preadministration assessment ✅Focused assessments of the patient's
current status and anticipate actions of the medications and potential side effects

Phase I of the clinical testing of new drugs ✅focus of safety and correct dose

Phase II of the clinical testing of new drugs ✅focus on effectiveness and side effects

Phase III of the clinical testing of new drugs ✅compares new treatment to existing
treatment

Phase IV of the clinical testing of new drugs ✅treatment is approved and available.
Long term effects are observed

Over-the-counter medicine abuse ✅Often toxic dose is not much higher than
therapeutic dose

Pharmacokinetics ✅study of drug movement throughout the body. Includes absorption,
distribution, metabolism, and excretion

Drug absorption ✅Lipid solubility, route, dose

Drug metabolism ✅Cytochrome P450 system (CYP450 enzymes catalyze chemical
reactions which ultimately metabolize medications), age, first pass effect (when drugs
may go extensive metabolism, leaving little for systemic use)

Passage of Drugs across membranes ✅Direct penetration by lipid soluble drugs.
Protein channels, gates open and close either by voltage gating or assist of chemical
substances (ex: Na+ and K+)

Routes of Drug Administration ✅Inhaled, oral, parenteral (outside the intestines-
intravenous, subcutaneous, intramuscular), transdermal, topical, rectal

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