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NSG 170 Test 3 Study Guide with Complete Solutions

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NSG 170 Test 3 Study Guide with Complete Solutions Hypokalemia - Answer️️ -<3.5 mEq/L Hypokalemia causes - Answer️️ -1. actual total body K+ loss - excessive med use (diuretics/corticosteroids) - increased secretion of aldosterone - vomiting, diarrhea - excessive diaphoresis 2. i...

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  • September 18, 2024
  • 17
  • 2024/2025
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  • NSG 170
  • NSG 170
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NSG 170 Test 3 Study Guide with
Complete Solutions


Hypokalemia - Answer✔️✔️-<3.5 mEq/L


Hypokalemia causes - Answer✔️✔️-1. actual total body K+ loss

- excessive med use (diuretics/corticosteroids)

- increased secretion of aldosterone

- vomiting, diarrhea

- excessive diaphoresis

2. inadequate K+ intake

3. movement of K+ from ECF to ICF

4. dilution of serum K+

hypokalemia assessment - Answer✔️✔️-- thready, weak, irregular pulse

- orthostatic hypotension

- shallow respirations

- anxiety, lethargy, confusion, coma

- muscle weakness, leg cramps

- nausea, vomiting, constipation

hypokalemia interventions - Answer✔️✔️-1. monitor electrolyte values

2. administer K+ supplements

,TITLE: EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC PERIOD
OWNER: EMILLYCHARLOTTE
COPYRIGHT STATEMENT: ©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISHED: SEPTEMBER 2024
3. institute safety measures for muscle weakness

4. switch to K+-sparing diuretic

5. educate on K+-rich foods (potatoes w/ skin, bananas)

hyperkalemia - Answer✔️✔️->5.0 mEq/L

hyperkalemia causes - Answer✔️✔️-1. excessive K+ intake

2. decreased K+ excretion (K+-sparing diuretics)

3. movement of K+ from ICF to ECF

hyperkalemia assessment - Answer✔️✔️-- slow, weak, irregular pulse

- decreased BP

- profound weakness of skeletal muscles possibly leading to respiratory failure

- muscle twitches, cramps, paresthesias

- ascending flaccid paralysis

- diarrhea

hyperkalemia interventions - Answer✔️✔️-1. discontinue IV K+ or supplements

2. administer K+-wasting diuretics

3. initiate K+ restricted diet

4. monitor K+ level

5. avoid salt substitutes

Hypocalcemia - Answer✔️✔️-<9.0 mg/dL

hypocalcemia causes - Answer✔️✔️-1. inhibition of Ca2+ absorption from the GI tract

- inadequate oral Ca2+ intake

, TITLE: EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC PERIOD
OWNER: EMILLYCHARLOTTE
COPYRIGHT STATEMENT: ©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
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- lactose intolerance

- inadequate Vit D intake

2. increased Ca2+ excretion (diarrhea)

3. conditions that decrease the ionized fraction of Ca2+

- hyperphosphatemia

- immobility

- removal/destruction of parathyroid glands

hypocalcemia assessment - Answer✔️✔️-- decreased HR and BP

- muscle tetany, seizures

- + Trousseau's and Chvosrek's signs

- anxiety, irritability

- diarrhea

hypocalcemia interventions - Answer✔️✔️-1. administer Ca2+ supplements

2. administer meds that increase Ca2+ absorption (Vit D)

3. initiate seizure precautions

4. educate on Ca2+-rich foods (cheese, milk)

5. monitor for pathological fracture

hypercalcemia - Answer✔️✔️->10.5 mg/dL

hypercalcemia causes - Answer✔️✔️-1. increased Ca2+ absorption

- oral intake of Ca2+

- oral intake of Vit D

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