growth can be viewed as a _______________ change and development as a
_______________ change - Answer quantitative; qualitative
cephalocaudal vs proximodistal - Answer cephalocaudal - head downwards
proximodistal - center of the body outward toward extremities
factors influencing growth and development - Answer heredity, nutritional status,
, diseases, culture, socio-economic status, pre-natal influences, and social networks
physical developmental milestones for an infant (birth-12 months) - Answer - weight
doubles by 6 months and triples by 12 months
- height increased by a foot
- gain 6-8 teeth
birth - 1 month - Answer hand in fist, follows objects in sight
2-4 months - Moro reflexes fade, reduced head lag, head turns to sound, rolls side to
back
4-6 months - Palmar grasp, holds bottle, mouths objects, no head lag, weight can be
borne while standing with support
6-8 months - Sits without support, own name recognized, pincer grasp begins, most
newborn reflexes absent, bounces on one leg in standing position
8-10 months - Answer pincer grasp, crawls, pulls self from sit to standing by 10 months,
may say 1 word
10-12 months - Answer may hold crayon and scribble, stands alone, walks holding
furniture, stand to sit, plays peek-a-boo
physical developmental milestones for a toddler (1-3 years) - Answer - by age 2, weight
has quadrupled
- one half of the adult height
- saying "no"
- 33 months = eruption of deciduous teeth
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