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BIO 111 Exam #2 With Questions And Answers 100% Pass Guaranteed
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BIO 111 Exam #2 With Questions And Answers 100%Pass Guaranteed
What is genetics? -study of heredity and variation of inherited traits
Who is Gregor Mendel? What did he study and establish? -father of modern science of
genetics; studied the inheritance of traits in garden peas and outlined the laws of
Mendelian inheritance
What was the accepted concept of heredity before Mendel? -There were no quantitative
theories of inheritance
-"blending of inheritance" was accepted notion: parents produce offspring w/ traits that
are a blend of the parents' traits
What is a gene? - Answer a segment of DNA, within a chromosome, that contains the
information needed to specify or influence a trait
What does polygenic mean? - Answer several genes may control one trait
What is a chromosome? - Answer a discrete unit of DNA that contains many genes
What is a locus? -Answer physical location of a gene on a chromosome
What do diploids contain? -Answer two copies of each chromosome = two copies of
each gene
What is an allele? -Answer a specific version of a gene
, What do true-breeding organisms always show? -Answer a particular phenotype in
every generation
What is a monohybrid cross? -Answer parents only differed in one trait
What is a dihybrid cross? -Answer parents differ in two traits
What did Mendel cross in his monohybrid P0 generation? -Answer a green, round pea
plant (RR) and a green, wrinkled pea plant (rr)
What was the outcome of the F1 generation of Mendel's monohybrid experiment?
-Answer 100% round pea plants --> round phenotype is dominant over wrinkled -->
Mendel's Law of Dominance
What is the dominant allele? -Answer: the one giving rise to the dominant phenotype, R
What is the recessive allele? -Answer: the one giving rise to the recessive phenotype, r
What happened in the F2 generation of Mendel's monohybrid experiment? -Answer: the
wrinkled phenotype appeared again but in a 3 round:1 wrinkled phenotypic ratio
What did Mendel hypothesis? -Answer particles (genes) were being passed along that
dictated traits observed in offspring (NOT a blend)
What three conditions must be met to have the Mendelian phenotypic ratio to work in a
monohybrid cross? -Answer 1. gametic types are equally likely
2. gametes combine randomly
3. outcome in each square is equally probable
What is the Law of Segregation? -Answer homologs segregate during AI, so alleles must
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