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BIOD 101 FINAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
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BIOD 101 FINAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
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BIOD 101 FINAL QUESTIONS ANDANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
a.QNameQtheQthreeQpartsQofQaQnucleicQacidQnucleotide.
b.QWhatQareQtheQparticularQtypesQofQeachQofQtheseQthatQareQfoundQinQDNAQandQwhatQareQtheQcorrespondi
ngQtypesQthatQareQfoundQinQRNA?Q-QANSWERQa.Qsugar,QphosphateQgroup,QnitrogenousQbase
b.QDNA-Qdeoxyribose-QphosphateQgroup-Qadenine,Qguanine,Qcytosine,Qthymine
RNA-QriboseQ-phosphateQgroup-Qadenine,Qguanine,Qcytosine,Quracil
WhatQareQtheQfourQmajorQdifferencesQbtwQDNAQandQRNA?Q-QANSWERQ1.QDNAQcontainsQdeoxyriboseQ-
QRNAQisQriboseQ
2.QDNA:Qthymine
RNA:QuracilQ
Q
3.QDNA:QdoubleQstrandedQhelixQ
RNA:QsingleQstrand
DNAQisQoftenQdescribedQasQaQcoiledQladder.QInQthisQdescription,QwhatQtwoQpartsQofQaQDNAQnucleotideQfor
mQtheQuprights?QWhatQpartQformsQtheQrungs?Q-
QANSWERQTheQuprightsQareQtheQsugarQphosphateQbackbone,QandQtheQrungsQareQtheQbases.
ExplainQtheQ2QdifferencesQbtwQhydrolysisQandQdehydrationQcondensation.Q-
QANSWERQDuringQdehydrationQcondensationQbiomacromoleculesQareQsynthesizedQbyQjoiningQbuildingQblo
ckQmonomers.QAQwaterQmoleculeQisQlostQandQenergyQisQused.Q
BiomacromoleculesQareQbrokenQdownQintoQmonomersQduringQhydrolysisQwhenQaQwaterQmoleculeQisQadde
dQandQenergyQisQreleased.
TellQwhetherQeachQofQtheQfollowingQisQcarbohydrate,Qlipid,Qprotein,QorQnucleicQacid.QThenQexplainQtheQuse
QofQeach.
GLUCOSEQ-QANSWERQCarbohydrate;QusedQasQfuel,QisQreferredQtoQasQbloodQsugarQinQhumansQandQanimals
,TellQwhetherQeachQofQtheQfollowingQisQcarbohydrate,Qlipid,Qprotein,QorQnucleicQacid.QThenQexplainQtheQuse
QofQeach.
StarchQ-QANSWERQCarbohydrate;QtheQformQinQwhichQplantsQstoreQglucose
TellQwhetherQeachQofQtheQfollowingQisQcarbohydrate,Qlipid,Qprotein,QorQnucleicQacid.QThenQexplainQtheQuse
QofQeach.
CelluloseQ-QANSWERQCarbohydrate;QwoodyQtissueQinQplantsQandQtrees,QindigestibleQfiber
TellQwhetherQeachQofQtheQfollowingQisQcarbohydrate,Qlipid,Qprotein,QorQnucleicQacid.QThenQexplainQtheQuse
QofQeach.
TriglycerideQ-
QANSWERQLipid;QtheQmajorQformQofQfuelQstorageQthatQwhenQbrokenQdownQproducesQtwiceQasQmuchQener
gyQperQgramQthanQcarbohydrates
TellQwhetherQeachQofQtheQfollowingQisQcarbohydrate,Qlipid,Qprotein,QorQnucleicQacid.QThenQexplainQtheQuse
QofQeach.
PhopholipidQ-QANSWERQLipid;QtheQmajorQconstituentQofQcellQmembranes
TellQwhetherQeachQofQtheQfollowingQisQcarbohydrate,Qlipid,Qprotein,QorQnucleicQacid.QThenQexplainQtheQuse
QofQeach.
HemoglobinQ-QANSWERQProtein;QcarriesQoxygenQinQtheQblood
TellQwhetherQeachQofQtheQfollowingQisQcarbohydrate,Qlipid,Qprotein,QorQnucleicQacid.QThenQexplainQtheQuse
QofQeach.
DNAQ-QANSWERQNucleicQAcid;QcontainsQgeneticQmaterialQofQcells
,TellQwhetherQeachQofQtheQfollowingQisQcarbohydrate,Qlipid,Qprotein,QorQnucleicQacid.QThenQexplainQtheQuse
QofQeach.
RNAQ-QANSWERQNucleicQAcid;QpartQofQtheQprotein-synthesizingQoperationQofQtheQcell
TellQwhetherQeachQofQtheQfollowingQisQcarbohydrate,Qlipid,Qprotein,QorQnucleicQacid.QThenQexplainQtheQuse
QofQeach.
CholesterolQ-
QANSWERQLipid;QcomponentQofQanimalQcellQmembranesQthat,QwhenQinQexcess,QcanQformQplaqueQonQarter
yQwalls
TellQwhetherQeachQofQtheQfollowingQisQcarbohydrate,Qlipid,Qprotein,QorQnucleicQacid.QThenQexplainQtheQuse
QofQeach.
ATPQ-QANSWERQNucleicQAcid;QreleasesQenergyQthroughQtheQbreakingQofQhigh-energyQphosphateQbond
TellQwhetherQeachQofQtheQfollowingQisQcarbohydrate,Qlipid,Qprotein,QorQnucleicQacid.QThenQexplainQtheQuse
QofQeach.
GlycogenQ-QANSWERQCarbohydrate;QtheQformQinQwhichQanimalsQandQhumansQstoreQglucose
TellQwhetherQeachQofQtheQfollowingQisQcarbohydrate,Qlipid,Qprotein,QorQnucleicQacid.QThenQexplainQtheQuse
QofQeach.
InsulinQ-QANSWERQProtein;QaQhormone
WhyQareQproteinsQsoQoftenQusedQtoQbuildQstructures?Q-
QANSWERQBecauseQtheyQareQ"structurallyQsophisticated".QTheyQareQstrong,QyetQflexibleQandQincrediblyQdiv
erse.
ExplainQtheQfollowingQtermsQinQregardQtoQproteins:
, a.QPrimaryQstructure:
b.QSecondaryQstructure:Q
c.QTertiaryQstructure:Q
d.QQuaternaryQstructure:Q-QANSWERQa.QAminoQacidQmonomersQinQaQlinearQchain
b.Q2QrepeatingQpatternsQareQpossible;QaQspringQlikeQcoilQofQfibrousQproteinsQwithinQtheQlinearQchainQformsQ
(alpha-
helix)Qand/orQinQtheQlinearQchainQtheQpatternQsnakesQbackQandQforth;QstrongQandQflexibleQbutQnotQelastic.Q
BothQconformationsQheldQtogetherQwithQhydrogenQbonds.QIt'sQpossibleQthatQoneQchainQcanQhaveQbothQpa
tterns
c.QFoldingQofQtheQsecondaryQstructure;Q3DQshapeQdeterminedQbyQR-
groupQinteractionsQandQhydrogenQbonds
d.QInteractionsQbetweenQtwoQorQmoreQpolypeptideQchains.QEachQchainQhasQitsQownQprimary,Qsecondary,Qa
ndQtertiaryQstructure.Q**needQ2QorQmoreQpolypeptideQchainsQforQthisQstructure**
TheQbasesQpresentQinQnucleicQacidsQcontainQwhatQelementQbesidesQCQandQHQandQO?Q-QANSWERQNitrogen
WhatQisQtheQpropertyQthatQmakesQaQmoleculeQaQlipid?Q-
QANSWERQbeingQinsolubleQinQwaterQdueQtoQtheQpresenceQofQtheQlongQchainQofQhydrocarbons
WhatQisQtheQmainQreasonQforQtheQpolarityQofQmostQbiomacromolecules?Q-
QANSWERQMostQbiomacromoleculesQareQpolarQdueQtoQtheQstronglyQelectronegativeQoxygenQ(orQnitrogen)Q
inQtheQfunctionalQgroup
NameQtheQbuilding-blockQmolecule(s)QforQeachQofQtheQfollowingQbiomacromolecules:
ProteinsQ-QANSWERQAminoQAcids
NameQtheQbuilding-blockQmolecule(s)QforQeachQofQtheQfollowingQbiomacromolecules:
LipidsQ-QANSWERQfattyQacidsQandQglycerol
NameQtheQbuilding-blockQmolecule(s)QforQeachQofQtheQfollowingQbiomacromolecules:
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