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NURS 5315 Advanced Pathophysiology Exam 1 Questions with Verified Answers |Latest 2024/2025 $10.99
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NURS 5315 Advanced Pathophysiology Exam 1 Questions with Verified Answers |Latest 2024/2025

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What is the body's defense against ROS? Antioxidants (Vitamin E, Vitamin C, cysteine, glutathione, albumin, ceruloplasmin, transferrin) How does a hypertonic solution alter osmolality? Increases solute concentration, causing INCREASED osmolality. Causes cells to SHRINK. What lab values ar...

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  • September 19, 2024
  • 23
  • 2024/2025
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  • nurs 5315
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NURS 5315 Advanced Pathophysiology
a- a- a- a-




Exam 1 Questions with Verified Answers.
a- a- a- a- a- a-




What is the body's defense against ROS?
a- a- a- Antioxidants (Vitamin E, a- a- a- a-a- a- a- a- a-


Vitamin C, cysteine, glutathione, albumin, ceruloplasmin, transferrin)
a- a- a- a- a- a-




How does a hypertonic solution alter osmolality?
a- a- a- Increases solute a- a- a- a-a- a- a- a-


concentration, causing INCREASED osmolality. Causes cells to SHRINK.
a- a- a- a- a- a- a-




What lab values are elevated as we age?
a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a-a- a- Interleukin 1, tumor necrosis a- a- a- a-


factor-alpha, and C-reactive protein a- a- a-




Role of hepatocytes
a- a- Acetyl CoA is processed by hepatocytes and a-a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a-


transforms to 3 ketone bodies: a- a- a- a-




1. Acetoacetate
a-




2. Acetone
a-




3. B-hydroxybutyrate
a-




Role of mitochondria
a- a- a-a- a- Ketogenesis: occurs mostly in the hepatocytes
a- a- a- a- a-




How are free radicals produced?
a- a- a- a- a-a- 1. Normal cellular respiration
a- a- a- a-




2. Absorption of extreme energy sources (radiation, UV light)
a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a-




3. Metabolism of exogenous chemicals, drugs, and pesticides
a- a- a- a- a- a- a-

, 4. Transition of metals
a- a- a-




5. Nitric oxide acting like a chemical mediator and a free radical
a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a-




action potential Process of conducting an impulse. Activates the
a- a-a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a-



neuron --> the neuron depolarizes --> then repolarizes
a- a- a- a- a- a- a-




Threshold potential Point at which depolarization must reach in order
a- a-a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a-



to initiate an action potential
a- a- a- a-




Hypokalemia and action potentials HYPERpolarized (more negative,
a- a- a- a-a- a- a- a- a-


ex. -100). Less excitable. Decreased neuromuscular excitability: weakness,
a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a-


smooth muscle atony, paresthesia, cardiac dysrhythmias
a- a- a- a- a-




Hyperkalemia and action potentials HYPOpolarized (more positive,
a- a- a- a-a- a- a- a- a-


ex: closer to 0). More excitable. Peaked T waves.
a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a-




When resting membrane potential=threshold potential, it is BAD =
a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a-


cardiac standstill, paresthesia, paralysis
a- a- a-




Hypocalcemia and action potentials Increased permeability to Na+.
a- a- a- a-a- a- a- a- a- a-


More excitable. Tetany, hyperreflexia, circumoral paresthesia, seizures,
a- a- a- a- a- a- a-


dysrhythmias.



Hypercalcemia and action potentials Decreased permeability to Na+.
a- a- a- a-a- a- a- a- a- a-


Less excitable. Weakness, hyporeflexia, fatigue, lethargy, confusion,
a- a- a- a- a- a- a-


encephalopathy, depressed T waves a- a- a-

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