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NURS 5315 Advanced Pathophysiology Exam 3 - Set 1 with complete solutions |Latest 2024/2025 $10.49
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NURS 5315 Advanced Pathophysiology Exam 3 - Set 1 with complete solutions |Latest 2024/2025
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Myocardial ischemia loss of blood supply to heart muscle tissue of myocardium due to occlusion of coronary artery; may cause angina pectoris or myocardial infarction myocardial infarction (MI) heart attack; death of myocardial tissue (infarction) caused by ischemia (loss of blood flow) as a ...

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  • September 19, 2024
  • 18
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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  • nurs 5315 advanced pathophysiology exam 3 set 1
  • nurs 5315 advanced pathophysiology exam 3
  • nurs 5315 advanced pathophysiology
  • nurs 5315 advanced pathophysiology 2024
  • nurs 5315 advanced pathophysiolog

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NURS 5315 Advanced Pathophysiology a- a- a- a-




Exam 3 - Set 1 with complete solutions.
a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a-




Myocardial ischemia loss of blood supply to heart muscle tissue of
a- a-a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a-


myocardium due to occlusion of coronary artery; may cause angina
a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a-


pectoris or myocardial infarction
a- a- a-




myocardial infarction (MI) heart attack; death of myocardial tissue
a- a- a-a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a-


(infarction) caused by ischemia (loss of blood flow) as a result of an
a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a-


occlusion (plugging) of a coronary artery; usually caused by
a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a-


atherosclerosis; symptoms include pain in the chest or upper body
a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a-


(shoulders, neck, and jaw), shortness of breath, diaphoresis, and nausea
a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a-




inhibition of movement of sodium and potassium ions across myocardial
a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a-



cell membranes by complexing with adenosine triphosphates.
a- a- a- a- a- a-




Clinical Implications: used to treat congestive heart failure (CHF) and
a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a-


heart rhythm problems (atrial arrhythmias). Digitalis can increase blood
a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a-


flow throughout your body
a- a- a-




Beta Blockers: effect on myocardial contraction
a- a- a- a- a- a-a- a- decrease heart rate a- a- a-


and dilate arteries by blocking beta receptors
a- a- a- a- a- a-




Decreases contractions a-




a- They do this by blocking beta-adrenergic receptors
a- a- a- a- a- a-




Clinical Implications: used for chest pain and hypertension
a- a- a- a- a- a- a-

,patent ductus arteriosus: Risk factors, Etiology, clinical manifestations,
a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a-


pathophysiology E: passageway between the aorta and the a-a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a-


pulmonary artery remains open after birth
a- a- a- a- a-




RF: associated w/ rubella, RDS, tetralogy of Fallot
a- a- a- a- a- a- a-




CM: cyanotic lower body, normal upper body
a- a- a- a- a- a-




machine-like murmur t/o systole and diastole a- a- a- a- a-




Patho:



atrial septal defect (ASD): Risk factors, Etiology, clinical manifestations,
a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a-


pathophysiology E: flaw in the septum that divides the two atria of
a-a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a-


the heart
a-




RF: age > 40, previous child w/ CHD, SLE, diabetes, ETOH, infection,
a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a-


aspirin, phenytoin a-




CM: crescendo-decrescendo systolic murmur
a- a- a-




Patho: a-




Complications: increased risk of embolus a- a- a- a-




ventricular septal defect (VSD): Risk factors, Etiology, clinical
a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a-


manifestations, pathophysiology E: a hole in the ventricular septum
a- a-a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a-


that causes blood to mix between the RV and LV
a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a-




RF: age > 40, previous child w/ CHD
a- a- a- a- a- a- a-




CM: harsh holosystolic murmur on the LL sternal border, cyanosis and
a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a-


clubbing of fingers a- a-




Cardiac Anatomy a- a-a- a- The heart is the size of a closed fist
a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a-

, 2/3 of the heart is to the left of the midline
a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a-




1/3 under the sternum
a- a- a-




heart layers
a- a-a- a- Endocardium ( inner) a- a-




myocardium ( middle) a- a-




Pericardium ( outer) a- a-




Cardiac action potential: phase 0
a- a- a- a- a-a- rapid depolarization
a- a-




Sodium influx d/t voltage-gated sodium channels opening
a- a- a- a- a- a-




Cardiac action potential: phase 1
a- a- a- a- a-a- a- initial repolarization of cells
a- a- a-




voltage gated sodium channels closed
a- a- a- a-




voltage gated potassium channels open
a- a- a- a-




Potassium leaves cell slowly a- a- a-




Cardiac action potential: phase 2
a- a- a- a- a-a- plateau phase
a- a-




voltage gated calcium channels open
a- a- a- a-




influx of calcium into the cell
a- a- a- a- a-




balances potassium efflux
a- a-




calcium influx triggers more calcium from sarcoplasmic reticulum >
a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a- a-


myocardial contraction a-

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