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ETS Major Field Test in Biology Exam Questions and Answers | Guaranteed Success

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ETS Major Field Test in Biology Exam

Questions and Answers | Guaranteed

Success

Pyrimidine dimers formed in DNA due to UV radiation can be repaired by?

SOS repair

Double strand break repair

Mismatch repair

Photoreactivation repair (nucleotide excision repair)

Base excision repair - ✔✔Photoreactivation repair (nucleotide excision

repair)

Which of the following repair mechanisms uses methyl groups to

distinguish between parental and daughter strands?

Answers:

Mismatch repair

Photoreactivation repair (Nucleotide excision repair)

,SOS repair

Double strand break repair

Base excision repair - ✔✔Mismatch repair

Which of the following types of molecules is always found in virions?

Answers:

Protein

RNA

Lipid

DNA

Carbohydrate - ✔✔Protein

A Barr body found within the female mammalian cell's nucleus is an

example of ___

Answers:

Euchromatin

Polytene chromosome

Pseudogenes

Heterochromatin

Cistron - ✔✔Heterochromatin

In vertebrate genes, transcription regulatory regions that contain CpG

islands are inactivated by which CpG modification?

,Answers:

Methylation

Ubiquitination

Acetylation

Phosphorylation

Myristoylation - ✔✔Methylation

TATA-binding protein (TBP) is a key transcription factor in eukaryotes. A

schematic representation of the 240-amino acid TBP of yeast is shown in

Fig. 1 below, with the positions of 2 mutations indicated. The boxed area

represents the evolutionarily conserved C-terminal domain of TBP, and the

shaded (dark) regions of this domain represent two repeated elements

involved in DNA binding. One mutation (P65S) changes proline 65 to serine

and the other I143N changes isoleucine 143 to asparagine. Fig. 2 below

represents autoradiographs of gels containing RNA transcripts produced in

extracts of wild type or mutant cells. Lanes 1-2 are from wild-type yeast

(WT), lanes 3-4 are from the I143N mutant and lanes 5-6 are from P65S

mutant, as indicated. Fig. 2A shows transcripts of a gene transcribed by

RNA polymerase I (Pol I). Fig. 2B shows transcripts of a gene transcribed

by RNA polymerase II (Pol II). Fig. 2C shows transcripts - ✔✔Whether

mutant transcription phenotypes are due to perturbation of TBP function.

, A set of genes from Bacillus subtilis that encode the proteins required for

sporulation have conserved DNA sequences -35 and -10 nucleotides

before the site of transcript initiation. However, the sequence at -35 is

different from that seen in most other genes from that species. Which of the

following best explains this difference?

Answers:

Transcription of these genes is induced by cAMP

Translation of the mRNAs transcribed from these genes requires specific

ribosomes that recognize a modified Shine-Dalgarno sequence

A novel sigma factor is required for transcription initiation at these genes

The -35 sequence is the binding site for a repressor of transcription

The replication of these genes requires a specifically modified DNA

polymerase. - ✔✔A novel sigma factor is required for transcription initiation

at these genes

Which of the following repair mechanisms is often mutagenic?

Answers:

Mismatch repair

Photoreactivation repair (Nucleotide excision repair)

Base excision repair

SOS repair - ✔✔SOS repair

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