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HBIO 205 Actual EXam |116 Questions with Complete Solutions
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HBIO 205 Actual EXam |116 Questionswith Complete Solutions
How can you maximize protein synthesis? - ✔Similar to glycogen synthesis, consuming
good protein immediately after resistive exercise is optimal for increasing muscle
hypertrophy.
What is the best protein source to consume right after resistive training? What is a good
example of this type of protein. - ✔A combination of whey protein (found in milk) and 4 parts
sugar. Sugar is needed to stimulate insulin secretion which helps get the amino acids from
whey protein into the muscle cells. 20-30g of whey in a liquid is ideal. Chocolate milk is a great
example of this combination because it has whey, has sugar (sucrose, it's tasty and inexpensive.
Casein + whey = good absorption.
What is the protein RDA for athletes? - ✔It is suggested that athletes eat between 1-
3g protein per kg of bodyweight, depending on if they're an endurance athlete (1g) or a
strength/power athletes (2-3g).
Do athletes have a higher vitamin RDA? - ✔Yes. Athletes can expend 5-6k calories a day,
thus their RDA is 3x was an average person needs (an average person only eats about 2k
calories). Athletes also may not eat as balanced of a diet as regular people (lots of filler foods)
and thus may not have as good vitamin levels.
,Is eating carbs ergogenic? What about supplemental oxygen? - ✔Yes
What does ergogenic mean? What does ergolytic mean? - ✔If something is ergogenic, it
is intended to help performance. If something is ergolytic, it has a negative effect on
performance.
What is the gold standard experiment? - ✔A double blind experiment. Neither the
researcher nor the patient know what's going on.
What is a placebo controlled study? - ✔Some subjects take the actual thing, others take
a placebo.
What is a crossover study? - ✔1 group takes the placebo, the other takes the real drug.
Then, the two groups switch. Each group is compared on its own.
What did the double blind energy drink test reveal? - ✔When asked if they felt energized,
50% of people said yes after taking the placebo drink. Physiological effects are extremely
strong!
What are the 4 most abused drug categories? - ✔1. Anabolic agents
2. Stimulants
3. Recreational drugs
4. Diuretics
What are anabolic agents? When were they first available? What was the first group to use
them? - ✔Anabolic agents are drugs that mimic testosterone, for example, the drug
Dianabol. Anabolic steroids were available after the 1960s and were first used by venice beach
body builders. They were then used in the NFL and college football.
What do anabolic agents (steroids) affect the most? - ✔The liver/cardio system.
, What is human growth hormone (HGH)? What are the risks of taking it? - ✔HGH is a
substance that is naturally produced by the pituitary gland and that allows us to grow. HGH
does not have as strong of an anabolic affect as anabolic agents/steroids. They decrease body
fat and increase FFM slightly. If you take HGH after your bones have ossified (i.e. adults) it can
distort your bones and you can look like you have acromegaly (a disease associated with ppl.
who have tumors in pituitary glands).
What are Beta 2 Agonists? - ✔Beta 2 Agonists are usually asthma drugs. They have some
effect decreasing fat mass and increasing FFM (referred to as a cutting agent and used by body
builders). They stimulate epinephrine and are an anabolic agent, but not that potent.
Clenbuterol is a very potent Beta 2 Agonist that causes dilation of soft tissue in the trachea.
Beta 2 Agonists can increase blood pressure and cause tremors. If an athlete has COPD, they
can get a therapeutic exemption to use this drug before competition.
What is human chorionic gonadotropic hormone (HCG)? - ✔HCG It is a female hormone
related to pregnancy. It re-stimulates male testes to produce more testosterone if they
atrophy and has a mild anabolic effect. It is often used by men after a long duration of anabolic
steroid use because anabolic steroid use can cause male gonads to atrophy because they're
not being used. This drug is only tested for in men.
What are testosterone precursors? - ✔Testosterone precursors are precursors in the
synthesis of testosterone and estradiol. Cholesterol-->Androstendiome (Andro.)--
>Testosterone-- >Estradiol. If you take Andro. you should be able to increase your testosterone
level. Andro. can also increase blood lipids and cholesterol levels. Because testosterone is made
into estradiol more rapidly, men can develop feminized characteristics (man boobs).
What are stimulants? - ✔Stimulants are drugs like caffeine, ephedrine, and amphetamines. They
were first available in the 40s and were used by soldiers/pilots for alertness and to reduce fear.
After WWII, they started being used during sports. Amphetamines don't have any actual benefits
beyond their phycological ones affects (reducing fear). NO ERGOGENIC BENEFIT.
What are recreational drugs? - ✔Recreational drugs are drugs like cocaine (a stimulant).
They are ergolytic and can deplete glycogen stores.
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