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BIPN 100 Exam 1 Questions and Correct Answers | Latest Update

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  • BIPN 100

4 guiding principles of Physiology -:- 1. Living Organisms Need Energy 2. Structure & Function are related 3. Information flow coordinates function 4. Homeostasis maintains internal stability Homeostasis -:- regulation of variables so that internal conditions can remain stable and cons...

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  • September 19, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • BIPN 100
  • BIPN 100
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2024 /2025 | © copyright | This work may not be copied for profit gain Excel!




BIPN 100 Exam 1 Questions and Correct
Answers | Latest Update
4 guiding principles of Physiology


✓ -:- 1. Living Organisms Need Energy

✓ 2. Structure & Function are related

✓ 3. Information flow coordinates function

✓ 4. Homeostasis maintains internal stability




Homeostasis


✓ -:- regulation of variables so that internal conditions can remain stable

and constant to some pre-determined setpoint.




Allostasis


✓ -:- meta-homeostasis; process of achieving homeostasis through

physiological or behavioral change; those that maintain systems in balance




Claude Bernard


✓ -:- "The stability of the internal environment is the condition for the

free and independent life", he



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,2024 /2025 | © copyright | This work may not be copied for profit gain Excel!


came up with the idea that we have an internal system that needs to be stabilized




Three Fluid Compartments


✓ -:- 1. Intracellular fluid

2. Plasma (also extracellular fluid)


3. Interstitial fluid (Extracellular fluid)




Teleological vs. Mechanical Explanations


✓ -:- Teleological: explaining a phenomena by its purpose (why)

Mechanistic: explaining a phenomena by its physical properties (how) --> WANT THIS




Osmosis


✓ -:- movement of water across a semi -permeable membrane driven by a

difference in solute concentrations on the two sides (movement of water)




Diffusion


✓ -:- movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an

area of lower concentration (movement of particles)



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,2024 /2025 | © copyright | This work may not be copied for profit gain Excel!




What would happen if every ion was equally distributed?


✓ -:- If every ion was equally distributed, there would be NO signaling

possibilities due to no concentration gradients




What is in the intracellular fluid?


✓ -:- Lots of K+ and proteins, little Na, Cl, and HCO3 -




What is in the interstitial fluid?


✓ -:- Lots of Na, Cl,and HCO3- with little proteins, and K+




What is in the plasma? & Why are they kept there?


✓ -:- PROTEINS; PROTEINS kept there because there are barriers to

their movement in the capillary beds.

If proteins from plasma could go to the interstitial space, the protein would then bring

water into it and would have water go from plasma into the interstitial space.




A blood test reveals a patient has elevated potassium levels. Which of the following is true?




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, 2024 /2025 | © copyright | This work may not be copied for profit gain Excel!
A.

Potassium is higher than normal in the intracellular fluid (ICF)


B. Potassium is higher than normal in the interstitial fluid (ISF)


C. The plasma is hyperosmotic


D. The plasma is hypo-osmotic


✓ -:- B. Potassium is higher than normal in the interstitial fluid (ISF)




4 Prescience of Walter B. Cannon about Homeostasis


✓ -:- 1. Constancy requires mechanisms to maintain constancy

2. Steady state requires resisting change


3.A regulating system requires cooperating mechanisms


4. Homeostasis is the result of "organized self government"




3 variables of Homeostasis (with examples)


✓ -:- 1. Environmental factors: osmolarity, pH, temperat ure

2. Material needs: nutrients, water, inorganic ions, O2


3. Internal secretions: hormones




Law of Mass Balance

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