WGU C458 HEALTH,WELLNESS AND FITNESS (OA)
WGU C458 HEALTH, WELLNESS AND
FITNESS (OA) OBJECTIVE
ASSESSMENT EXAM 2024-2025
Nutrition -Correct Answer ✔provides the body with the nutrients it needs to perform its
daily tasks
Undernutrition -Correct Answer ✔implies that the individual is not getting enough
nutrients. This can occur even if the person is consuming more than enough calories
Malnutrition -Correct Answer ✔an imbalance of proper nutrients
Anorexia nervosa -Correct Answer ✔literally means loss of appetite, but this is a
misnomer: A person with this is hungry, but denies the hunger because of an irrational
fear of becoming fat. Self-starvation, food preoccupation and rituals, compulsive
exercising, and often an absence of menstrual cycles in women.
Untreated, can be fatal.
Bulimia -Correct Answer ✔characterized by recurring periods of binge eating, during
which large amounts of food are consumed in a short period of time followed by purging
(through self-induced vomiting, abuse of laxatives and/or diuretics) or periods of fasting
Binge eating disorder (BED) -Correct Answer ✔episodes of binge eating characterized
by eating rapidly, eating large amounts of food even when not feeling hungry, and
feeling guilty or depressed after overeating.
Obesity -Correct Answer ✔15 to 20 percent above normal weight. Poor dietary patterns;
include increased intake of sugars in sweetened soft drinks, foods, and meals of high
energy, low nutrient density, and large portion sizes. At risk for serious health problems
such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, stroke, and some types of cancer.
Minerals -Correct Answer ✔inorganic material. Form body parts (teeth and bones),
maintain acid-base neutrality, regulate nerve impulses, osmotic pressure, and
electrolyte balance
Major minerals -Correct Answer ✔needed by the body:
• calcium—milk, cheese, sardines, salmon, green vegetables
• phosphorus—milk, cheese, lean meat
• potassium—oranges, bananas, dried fruits
• sulfur—eggs, poultry, fish
• sodium—table salt, beef, eggs, cheese
• chloride—table salt, meat
WGU C458 HEALTH,WELLNESS AND FITNESS (OA)
,WGU C458 HEALTH,WELLNESS AND FITNESS (OA)
• magnesium—green vegetables, whole grains
Trace minerals -Correct Answer ✔required in lesser amounts, and include iron, zinc,
selenium, magnesium, copper, iodine, fluorine, chromium, molybdenum, and
manganese
HDL cholesterol (high density lipoproteins) -Correct Answer ✔protect the body against
heart disease. Often called "good" cholesterol.
LDL cholesterol (low density lipoproteins) -Correct Answer ✔most cholesterol in the
blood is of this type. Often referred to as the bad cholesterol. high levels in the blood
increases the risk of fatty deposits forming in the arteries, which in turn increases the
risk of a heart attack
Lipoproteins -Correct Answer ✔large molecules of fat and protein in the bloodstream;
how cholesterol is transported
Antioxidants -Correct Answer ✔slow the aging process. Reduce cellular damage by
binding with free radicals produced during oxidation reactions
Oxidation reactions -Correct Answer ✔the energy-yielding reactions in which either an
oxygen atom adds an electron to or a hydrogen atom removes an electron from a
substrate (a group of atoms or molecule)—the net result is a substrate that has had a
partial or complete loss of a negatively charge particle, an electron. Two partially
charged atoms or groups of atoms, one positively charged and the other negatively
charged, now exist
Free radical (Oxidant) -Correct Answer ✔any atom or group of atoms that has an
unpaired electron. Because electrons typically function in pairs, these are very prone to
binding to other substrates in an effort to regain this paired status. When this happens in
the human body, there is potential for a great deal of damage.
Carbohydrates -Correct Answer ✔produce 4 calories of energy per gram. Found in
foods as monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Sources include fruits,
vegetables, pasta, and rice which consist of simple sugars and starches
Protein -Correct Answer ✔produce 4 calories of energy per gram. Sources include
meats and milk. Composed of 8 essential(provided by the diet) and 12
nonessential(synthesized by the body) amino acids. Perform many functions including
building cells and tissues, forming blood and enzymes, and fighting infection.
means primary, and no organism can live, and almost no biological process can take
place, without it
WGU C458 HEALTH,WELLNESS AND FITNESS (OA)
, WGU C458 HEALTH,WELLNESS AND FITNESS (OA)
Lipids -Correct Answer ✔produce 9 calories of energy per gram. Organic compounds
that do not readily dissolve in water; based on their solubility, they are classified into
triglycerides (more commonly known as fats), phospholipids, and sterols
Incomplete protein -Correct Answer ✔proteins that are lacking one or more of the
essential amino acids
Glycogen -Correct Answer ✔the polysaccharide form in which glucose is stored in the
liver
Glucose -Correct Answer ✔simple sugar. The only source of energy that brain cells use
to function
Triglycerides (Fats) -Correct Answer ✔Solid at room temperature. Group of chemical
compounds that contain fatty acids, often in very long strands. Most concentrated
source of energy in the diet. Provides much of the stored energy of the body. Insulate
body organs against changes in environmental temperature. Protect the organs and
underlying tissues by acting as a shock absorber.
Water -Correct Answer ✔essential component of body structure. Second only to oxygen
in importance to body functioning. Acts as a solvent for minerals and other
physiologically important compounds. In the body, it transports nutrients to and waste
products from the cells and helps regulate body temperature. Comes from fluids and
solids in the diet and also is produced by the metabolic processing of energy nutrients
within the tissues
Oils -Correct Answer ✔liquid at room temperature.
Vitamins -Correct Answer ✔organic compounds required by every part of the body to
maintain health and prevent disease. Classified as either fat-soluble or water-soluble.
Do not become part of the body. Only small amounts are needed, but must be provided
by the diet because the body is not able to synthesize them in the required quantities for
proper nourishment and body function. Foster growth, promote the ability to produce
healthy offspring, maintain health, aid in the normal function of the digestive tract and
appetite, and help maintain immune system functions.
Fat-soluble vitamins -Correct Answer ✔found in the fatty parts of food and body tissues.
Stored in the body until needed, so it is not necessary to consume them every day.
Transported by lipids through the body; A, D, E, and K
Vitamin A -Correct Answer ✔important in promoting growth and health of body tissues
as well as enhancing the function of the immune system. Enhances vision by helping
the retina function properly, permitting us to distinguish between light and shade and to
see various colors distinctly. A form of this is used by dermatologists to treat acne and
WGU C458 HEALTH,WELLNESS AND FITNESS (OA)
