to
l MoAR cPSD|
O t o122
63423
Test bank-Advanced Health Assessment & Clinical Diagnosis in Primary Care
6th Edition Dains-100% Top scores-2024-2025
, to
l MoAR cPSD|
O t o122
63423
A. Clinical practice guideline
to to
B. Clinical decision rule
to to
C. Clinical algorithm
to
, to
l MoAR cPSD|
O t o122
63423
Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE
to toto to
1. ANS: B
Croskerry (2009) describes two major types of clinical diagnostic decision-making: intuitive and analytical. Intuitive decision-
to to to to to to to to to to to to to to
making (similar to Augenblink decision-
to to to to to
making) is based on the experience and intuition of the clinician and is less reliable andp aired with fairly common errors. In co
to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to
ntrast, analytical decision-making is based on careful consideration and has greater reliability with rare errors.
to to to to to to to to to to to to to to
PTS: 1
2. ANS: D
To obtain adequate history, providers must be well organized, attentive to the patient‘s verbal and nonverbal language, and abl
to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to
et o accurately interpret the patient‘s responses to questions. Rather than reading into the patient‘s statements, they clarify any a
to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to
reas of uncertainty. to to
PTS: 1
3. ANS: C
Vital signs are part of the physical examination portion of patient assessment, not part of the health history.
to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to
PTS: 1
4. ANS: D
While performing the physical examination, the examiner must be able to differentiate between normal and abnormal findings, re
to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to
call knowledge of a range of conditions, including their associated signs and symptoms, recognize how certain conditions affect t
to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to
he response to other conditions, and distinguish the relevance of varied abnormal findings.
to to to to to to to to to to to to
PTS: 1
5. ANS: C
Sources for diagnostic statistics include textbooks, primary reports of research, and published meta-
to to to to to to to to to to to to
analyses. Another source of statistics, the one that has been most widely used and available for application to the reasoningproces
to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to
s, is the estimation based ona provider‘s experience, although these are rarely accurate. Over the past decade, the availability of e
to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to
vidence on which to base clinical reasoning is improving, and there is an increasing expectation that clinical reasoning be based o
to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to
n scientific evidence.
to to
Evidence-based statistics are also increasingly being used to develop resources to facilitate clinical decision-making.
to to to to to to to to to to to to to
PTS: 1
6. ANS: D
To assist in clinical decision-making, a number of evidence-
to to to to to to to to
based resources have been developed to assist the clinician.Resources, such as algorithms and clinical practice guideline
to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to
s, assist in clinical reasoning when properly applied.
to to to to to to to
PTS: 1
7. ANS: A
The sensitivity of a diagnostic study is the percentage of individuals with the target condition who show an abnormal, or positive
to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to
,result. A high sensitivity indicates that a greater percentage of persons with the given condition will have an abnormal result.
to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to
PTS: 1
8. ANS: B
The specificity of a diagnostic study is the percentage of normal, healthy individuals who have a normal result. The greater th
to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to
especificity, the greater the percentage of individuals who will have negative, or normal, results if they do not have the target
to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to
condition.
PTS: 1
9. ANS: A
The likelihood ratio is the probability that a positive test result will be associated with a person who has the target condition and
to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to
anegative result will be associated with a healthy person. A likelihood ratio above 1 indicates that a positive result is associated
to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to
with the disease; a likelihood ratio less than 1 indicates that a negative result is associated with an absence of the disease.
to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to
, to
l MoAR cPSD|
O t o122
63423
PTS: 1
10. ANS: B
Clinical decision (or prediction) rules provide another support for clinical reasoning. Clinical decision rules are evidence-
to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to
basedresources that provide probabilistic statements regarding the likelihood that a condition exists if certain variables are met
to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to t
owith regard to the prognosis of patients with specific findings. Decision rules use mathematical models and are specific to cert
to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to
ain situations, settings, and/or patient characteristics.
to to to to to
PTS: 1
