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Bio 242 Final Exam Practice Questions with Correct Verified answers/ Latest .
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Bio 242 Final Exam Practice Questions with CorrectVerified answers/ Latest 2024-2025.
The response target cell to a hormone depends on which of the following?
a. concentration of the hormone
b. concentration of receptors
c. affinity of the receptor for the hormone
d. a & c
e. a, b, & c - Answer:
a, b & c
Given the following observations:
1. A hormone will affect only a specific tissue (i.e., a hormone will not affect all tissues.)
2. A tissue can respond to more than one hormone.
3. Some tissues can respond rapidly to a hormone while others take many hours to respond.
Which observation can be explained by hormone receptors? - Answer:
2&3
Endocrine organs can be regulated by all of the following, except______.
a. hormones from other endocrine glands.
b. changes in the genetic makeup of certain hypothalamic cells
c. direct neural stimulation
d. changes in the composition of the blood
e. regulatory hormones from the hypothalamus - Answer:
changes in the genetic makeup of certain hypothalamic cells
pg. 1
,Hormones (1) generally utilize negative feedback mechanisms to regulate their secretion; (2) will only
affect target cells far removed from the hormone-producing secretory cells; (3) must bind to transport
proteins in order to circulate in the blood; (4) may be released in low concentrations but can produce
large effects in the target cells; (5) can affect the responsiveness of the target tissue by controlling the
number of receptor sites for the hormone. - Answer:
1, 4, & 5
The class adrenal gland hormones that provides resistance to stress, produces anti-inflammatory effects,
and promotes normal metabolism to ensure adequate quantities of ATP is _______. - Answer:
glucocorticoids
Cyclic-AMP (cAMP) functions to _______. - Answer:
c. open ion channels and activate key enzymes in the cytoplasm
The cell bodies of neurosecretory cells capable of releasing ADH are located in the _______. - Answer:
hypothalamus
One of the least complicated of the endocrine control systems directly responds to changing blood levels
of ions and nutrients. Which of the following describes this mechanism? - Answer:
humoral stimulation
Which statement(s) is/are true of classic hormones?
a. Hormones act on target cells and tissues.
b. Very small quantities of hormones are highly effective.
c. Tissues that are not solely endocrine glands can produce hormones.
d. Hormones are transported via the blood.
e. All of the above are true. - Answer:
e. All of the above are true.
pg. 2
,Cells that respond to peptide hormones usually do so through a sequence of biochemical reactions
involving receptor and kinase activation. In order for cells to respond, it is necessary for first and second
messengers to communicate. This is possible because_______. - Answer:
G protein acts as the link between first and second messengers
The rate of hormonal secretion of epinephrine is primarily controlled by ________. - Answer:
the nervous system
Increased levels of phosphodiesterase in target cells would decrease the activity of _________. - Answer:
FSH
What is likely to cause an increase in intercellular cAMP levels? - Answer:
stimulation of adenylate cyclase activity
In general, steroid hormones function as________. - Answer:
hormones
Which form of thyroid hormone has greater activity at target cells? - Answer:
T₃
Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulates the release of what from the anterior pituitary?
a. sex hormones
b. FSH
c. both a & b
d. a, b, & c - Answer:
c. both a & b
In primary hyposecretion of thyroid hormones_______. - Answer:
levels of thyroid hormones in the blood decrease
pg. 3
, Which of the following is not a category of water-soluble hormones?
a. peptides
b. amines
c. eicosanoids
d. steroids
e. proteins - Answer:
d. steroids
The most complex and diverse endocrine responses involve the ______. - Answer:
hypothalamus
What is an example of permissiveness? - Answer:
Estrogen stimulates synthesis if progesterone receptors in the endometrium.
Select the correct statement about cardiac output.
a. A slow hear rate can increase end diastolic volume, stroke volume, and force of contraction.
b. Decreased venous return return will result in increased end diastolic volume.
c. If a semilunar valve were partially obstructed, the ESV in the affected ventricle would be decreased.
d. Stroke volume increases if end diastolic volume decreases.
e. Two of the statements above are correct about cardiac output. - Answer:
a. A slow heart rate can increase end diastolic volume, stroke volume, and force of contraction.
In capillary exchange, which of the following statements is true?
a. Nine-tenths (9/10) of the fluid that leave the capillary reenters the capillary.
b. Interstitial fluid normally has a high osmotic pressure that plasma (fluid portion of the blood).
c. Constriction of the precapillary sphincter will increase blood pressure in the capillary.
pg. 4
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