Exam (elaborations)
EKG rhythms
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EKG rhythms EKG rhythms EKG rhythms EKG rhythms EKG rhythms EKG rhythms EKG rhythms EKG rhythms
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EKG rhythmsAccelerated idioventricular rhythm (AIVR) - ANSWER-40-120
- occur in short burst, usually following MI
- mostly asx with no progression to vtach / vfib
Angina pectoris - ANSWER-...
anterior wall - ANSWER-V1, V2, V3, V4
- occlusion of anterior descending coronary artery
Anteroseptal region - ANSWER-V1, V2
Asystole - ANSWER-- dead
- no electrical activity, only straight line (no rate/pulse)
A dire form of cardiac arrest in which the heart stops beating -- there is no systole -- and there is no
electrical activity in the heart. The heart is at a total standstill.
Atrial Fibrillation - ANSWER-A: 350-450 (atria quivering)
- irreg-irreg rhythm (R-RI=irreg)
**unsure/no P-wave (non-distinguishable)**
- irreg rhythm BUT reg QRS!
Danger: increase the risk of thromboemoblic events don't convert unless occurring less than 48 hrs, if
don't know pt need to be put on thrombolytics)
Atrial Flutter - ANSWER-A: 250-350
- "saw tooth" p-waves
- a continuous rapid sequence of atrial complexes from a single rapid-firing atrial focus
(hint: if see 2 P waves and QRS think A Flutter)
, EKG rhythms
Axis - ANSWER-Refers to the direction of movement of depolarization
- Look in leads I and AVF
- I-left, AVF-right
Thumbs:
- both up = Normal axis
- both down = Extreme right axis deviation
- Lup/Rdown = Left axis deviation
- Rup/Ldown = Right axis deviation
- Specific axis degrees: determine type of deviation, choose most iso-electric line and go to that line on
the circle chart. Go 90 degrees into the good quadrant (the one you know you're in) and that will tell you
the exact degrees.
Axis pic - ANSWER-
BBB - ANSWER-- Wide QRS >3 box
- 2-R waves "bunny ears"
A block in the Bundle Branch produces a delay in depol of the ventricle that it supplies
(note: can't read ischemia b/c BBB distort this)
if have L & R BBB = complete block
Digitalis Effect - ANSWER-- shortened QT interval
- characteristic down-sloping ST depression (SCOOPING ST seg)
First-degree AV block - ANSWER-- PRI >5 boxes/.20 sec
- Fixed but prolonged PRI
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