Chapter 1: Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology
Which of the following best describes the primary focus of anatomy?
A. Function of body parts
B. Structure of body parts
C. Chemical processes in the body
D. Disease mechanisms
Answer: B. Structure of body parts
,Rationale: Anatomy primarily focuses on the structure of body parts, while
physiology deals with their functions.
The study of the relationship between the structure and function of organs is known
as:
A. Histology
B. Physiology
C. Pathology
D. Functional Anatomy
Answer: D. Functional Anatomy
Rationale: Functional Anatomy examines how the structure of an organ relates to its
function.
Chapter 2: The Chemical Level of Organization
Which of the following is the smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an
element?
A. Molecule
B. Atom
C. Compound
D. Ion
Answer: B. Atom
Rationale: Atoms are the smallest units of matter that retain the chemical properties
of an element.
Which type of bond involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms?
A. Ionic bond
B. Covalent bond
,C. Hydrogen bond
D. Metallic bond
Answer: B. Covalent bond
Rationale: Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electron pairs between atoms.
Chapter 3: The Cellular Level of Organization
What is the primary function of the plasma membrane?
A. Store genetic information
B. Facilitate cellular respiration
C. Regulate the movement of substances into and out of the cell
D. Synthesize proteins
Answer: C. Regulate the movement of substances into and out of the cell
Rationale: The plasma membrane controls the entry and exit of substances, thus
maintaining homeostasis.
Which organelle is known as the 'powerhouse of the cell'?
A. Nucleus
B. Ribosome
C. Mitochondrion
D. Endoplasmic Reticulum
Answer: C. Mitochondrion
Rationale: Mitochondria are responsible for producing ATP, the energy currency of
the cell.
Chapter 4: Tissue Organization
Which type of epithelial tissue is specialized for absorption and secretion?
, A. Simple squamous epithelium
B. Stratified squamous epithelium
C. Simple cuboidal epithelium
D. Transitional epithelium
Answer: C. Simple cuboidal epithelium
Rationale: Simple cuboidal epithelium is specialized for absorption and secretion in
glands and kidney tubules.
Which connective tissue type is characterized by a gel-like matrix and is commonly
found in the respiratory tract?
A. Dense connective tissue
B. Adipose tissue
C. Cartilage
D. Blood
Answer: C. Cartilage
Rationale: Cartilage has a gel-like matrix and provides support and flexibility to
structures like the respiratory tract.
Chapter 5: The Integumentary System
Which layer of the skin is primarily responsible for its strength and elasticity?
A. Epidermis
B. Dermis
C. Hypodermis
D. Subcutaneous layer
Answer: B. Dermis
Rationale: The dermis contains collagen and elastin fibers that provide strength and
elasticity to the skin.
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