Psychology 101 Exam With Actual Questions And Verified Detailed Answers
Latest Update 2024-2025 100% Pass Guaranteed
Psychology - Answer The science of processes and behaviors
What are the values of Psychology? - Answer 1. empirical evidence
2. critical thinking
3. systematic research methods
What are the goals of Psychology? - Answer 1. description
2. explanation
3. prediction
4. facilitating changes
Aristotle - Answer Lived from 384 to 322. Believed that knowledge was acquired through
experience
Nature Vs. Nurture - Answer Are a persons characteristics mostly inborn or learned?
Association Laws - Four Laws of Association - Answer 1. Law of Similarity
2. Law of Contrast
3. Law of Contiguity
4. Law of Frequency
Descartes - Answer French Philosopher (1596-1650)
Believed that behavior was controlled by the mind or will; we freely choose our actions
,Ernst Heinrich Weber - Answer (1795-1878)
- Psychologist at Leipzig.
- Introduced Just Noticeable Differences as the unit of measure (ratio of weight)
Gustav Fechner - Answer (1801-1887) Formalized and developed Weber's Law; showed
that it implied a relationship between stimulus intensity and the intensity of sensation.
Herman Ebbinghaus - Answer (1850- 1909)
- Inspired by Fechner to discover quantitative order in higher mental processes.
- Great innovator
- Influence has lasted over 100 years
- Developer of the Learning Curve - as time passes we remember less
William James - Answer (1842-1910)
- Wrote "The Principles of Psychology" published in 1890
- Believed the mind was a stream of consciousness
- Studied many different groups not just individual
- Trained as an MD
- Taught Psychology and Philosophy at Howard
- Started a teaching lab in 1875
1879 - Response Psychology becomes a science, first psychology lab in Leipzig,
Germany.
Wilhelm Wundt - Response - First true Psychologist
- Research assistant for Hermann Helmholtz
- Wrote "Contributions Towards a Theory of Science Perception" in 1862
- Saw Psychology as falling between the physical sciences and social sciences
, Introspection Looking inside oneself
Edward Bradford Titchener Looking inside oneself - Popularized Wundt's Psychology
and brought it to the United States
- Used introspection to uncover components of thought
Charles Darwin - Evolution
- Offered an account for transmutation: Natural Selection to explain the adaptivity of
traits
Mary Calkins - One of the earliest female Psychologists
- Never was granted the PhD she earned from Harvard
Psychophysics - Answer Relates to the interaction between the physical and
psychological dimensions of the stimuli and subjective perception
Behaviorism - Answer Concerns observable and measurable behaviors
Humanistic Psychology - Answer Examines the inner self and the importance of
subjective experience
Cognitive Psychology - Answer Mental process and thought
Psychobiology - Answer Views behavior as reflecting brain processes
Evolutionary Psychology - Answer Certain behavioral characteristics are subject to
natural selection
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