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Exam 3 Study Guide: CH14, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29
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Exam 3 Study Guide: CH14, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29 Exam 3 Study Guide: CH14, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29 Exam 3 Study Guide: CH14, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29
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Exam 3 Study Guide: CH14, 24, 25, 26,27, 28, 29
Which assessment finding would the nurse anticipate for the patient suspected of having
pneumonia? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. (28)
Myalgia (muscle pain)
Dyspnea (labored breathing)
Bradypnea (slow breathing)
Bradycardia (slow heart rate)
Hemoptysis (coughing up blood) - ANS Myalgia (muscle pain)
Dyspnea (labored breathing)
Hemoptysis (coughing up blood)
Assessment findings typical of pneumonia include myalgia, dyspnea, and hemoptysis. Tachypnea,
not bradypnea, and tachycardia, not bradycardia, are expected findings in a patient with pneumonia.
When evaluating the laboratory results of a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis, which laboratory
value indicates the body has fully compensated from this acid-base imbalance? (14)
Normal serum glucose
Normal serum potassium
Normal pH on arterial blood gases
,Normal bicarbonate on arterial blood gases - ANS Normal pH on arterial blood gases
arterial blood gas pH returns to normal when the body's compensatory efforts are fully effective
Which organ plays a major role in maintaining pH balance in the body? Select all that apply. One,
some, or all responses may be correct. (14)
Lungs
Brain
Pancreas
Kidneys
Small intestines - ANS Lungs
Kidneys
A patient admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis was treated for metabolic acidosis with IV fluids and
insulin. Which electrolyte imbalance would the nurse monitor for as the acid-base imbalance
resolves? (14)
Hyponatremia
Hypokalemia
Hyperkalemia
Hypernatremia - ANS Hypokalemia
,After a motor vehicle crash, the nurse is consoling a patient in the emergency department who is
hysterical and hyperventilating after being notified of the death of a family member. Which acid-
base imbalance is this patient likely to develop? (14)
Metabolic acidosis
Metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis
Respiratory alkalosis - ANS Respiratory alkalosis
Which acid-base imbalance would the nurse anticipate that a patient with morbid obesity may
develop? (14)
Metabolic acidosis
Metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis
Respiratory alkalosis - ANS Respiratory acidosis
respiratory acidosis is related to carbon dioxide (CO2) retention secondary to respiratory depression,
inadequate chest expansion, airway obstruction, or reduced alveolar-capillary diffusion. Respiratory
acidosis is common in patients with morbid obesity who experience inadequate chest expansion
because of their size and work of breathing
Respiratory acidosis is related to carbon dioxide (CO2) retention secondary to respiratory
depression, inadequate chest expansion, airway obstruction, or reduced alveolar-capillary diffusion.
Respiratory acidosis is common in patients with morbid obesity who experience inadequate chest
expansion because of their size and work of breathing.
, Metabolic acidosis is related to overproduction of hydrogen ions, underelimination of hydrogen ions,
underproduction of bicarbonate ions, and overelimination of bicarbonate ions.
Metabolic alkalosis is related to loss of bicarbonate or buffers (i.e., vomiting or nasogastric suction).
Respiratory alkalosis usually is caused by excessive loss of CO2 through hyperventilation secondary
to fever, central nervous system lesions, and salicylates (14) - ANS
Which assessment finding suggests a patient has acidosis? Select all that apply. One, some, or all
responses may be correct. (14)
Confusion
Hypertension
Hyperreflexia
Warm, flushed, dry skin
Pounding peripheral pulse - ANS Confusion
Warm, flushed, dry skin
Which arterial blood gas laboratory values would be seen in metabolic alkalosis? (14)
pH 7.49
bicarbonate (HCO3-) 32
pH 7.28
carbon dioxide (CO2) 54
pH 7.53
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