Pedorthics Final Exam Study Guide Questions with 100%
Verified Correct Answers 2024/2025
what midfoot bone is relieved by adding the ST groove? - Correct Answer navicular
the triplanar joints of the foot are parallel to the cardinal planes t/f - Correct Answer false
- these joints are non-parallel
which joint of the foot is a composite joint with 2 different joint axes? - Correct Answer MTJ
(midtarsal joint)
what is true for the medial foot column? - Correct Answer more flexible than the lateral
foot column
which joint of the foot is the primary provider of DF and PF? - Correct Answer talocrural
joint, TCJ
the primary motions of the TCJ is PF and DF. because the joint axis is pitched 10 degrees
from the transverse plane, what are the secondary motions? - Correct Answer this ADducts
and inverts. Or, it ABducts and everts
the "ST modification" prevents the sustentaculum tali from collapsing laterally, which
prevents calcaneal varus. t/f - Correct Answer false, this modification helps the outer
sides, and stops this problem
the lateral column of the foot typically accepts what percentage of force throughout stance
phase? - Correct Answer 30%
this bony prominence may be a problem of concern for patients with ERD - Correct Answer
cuboid
the STJ include articulations of which bones? - Correct Answer calcaneus and talus
the subtalar joint usually allows for what degrees of motion in a non-pathological foot? -
Correct Answer 30 degrees inversion, 10 degrees eversion
,internal rotatory deformity (IRD) includes these 3 motions - Correct Answer 1. calcaneal
valgus,
2. midfoot pronation
3, forefoot abduction
external rotatory deformity (ERD) includes these 3 motions - Correct Answer 1. calcaneal
varus
2. midfoot supination
3. forefoot adduction
The orthotic synonym of IRD: - Correct Answer pes planus
In order to make certain that the foot is in subtalar neutral - Correct Answer there must be
equal to no pressure on either side of the talus
is it possible to block motion in one cardinal plane without altering motion in either of the
other cardinal planes? - Correct Answer no, this isolation of triplanar motion is impossible.
extrinsic posting?
intrinsic posting? - Correct Answer extrinsic posting? is adding a wedge on the outside
intrinsic posting is changing the model itself.
if you remove material from the lateral aspect of the heel to reduce varus, it is extrinsic
posting? or intrinsic posting? - Correct Answer then this is an intrinsic modification
when you add plastic to the lateral plantar side of the foot orthosis heel you are doing:
extrinsic posting?
intrinsic posting? - Correct Answer an extrinsic modification
when you add plaster material to the medial aspect of the metatarsal portion of the mold,
then you are doing: extrinsic posting? intrinsic posting? - Correct Answer an intrinsic
modification
,If the orthotist desires an intrinsic and extrinsic post that will decelerate pronation at initial
contact, which side of the heel should be shaved down in the positive plantar model and
which side should have plastic added to the orthosis? - Correct Answer medial side
to have the greatest effect the Morton's extension modification terminates: - Correct
Answer just beyond the end of the 1st toe
what is considered the most diabetic friendly insert material? - Correct Answer soft
plastazote
when does shock absorption occur during the gait cycle? - Correct Answer initial contact to
loading response (IC to LR)
during weight bearing, transferring weight to stance foot (mid-stance) is approximately
what percent of the body weight in force? - Correct Answer 115%
during weight bearing, when the heel is lifting off the floor it is approximately what percent
of the body weight in force? - Correct Answer 110%
in normal gait, a patient's foot completes its transformation into a rigid foot lever when? -
Correct Answer just prior to midstance
in normal gait, the calcaneus will be in what position on heel strike? (this is IC) - Correct
Answer inverted
in which stage of gait is the foot in a position for surface adaptation? - Correct Answer
midstance
the biomechanical mechanisms that position the foot for surface adaptation are - Correct
Answer subtalar joint pronation, midtarsal joint unlocks (in parallel)
the biomechanical mechanisms that position the foot for more effective propulsion are -
Correct Answer subtalar joint supination, midtarsal joint locks (non-parallel)
the vamp is - Correct Answer flat front top surface of shoe
, the tongue is - Correct Answer the flap between the area with holes on the shoe
the counter is - Correct Answer where the heel rests back upon
the footbed is - Correct Answer the curved top in the sole of the shoe
the shank is - Correct Answer the metallic slit within the sole
sesamoiditis causes pain under 1st MTP during? - Correct Answer toe off and late
midstance
a goal for treating PTTD is to - Correct Answer stop pronating, forefoot abducting, internal
tibial rotating, and calcaneal valgus
metatarsalgia treatment 3 types - Correct Answer 1. shear reducing top
2. met pad
3. met bar
is morton toe the same as morton neuroma? - Correct Answer no, these 2 are different
morton's neuroma is thickening of the plantar nerve between? - Correct Answer the 3rd
and 4th met heads
a good treatment for morton neuroma is using a met pad to support? - Correct Answer the
transverse arch
former stroke patients have what rate more to have vascular disease? - Correct Answer
they have 2 to 4 times more
70% of diabetics have some form of? - Correct Answer diabetic neuropathy
when assessing for foot orthotics it is important to measure the foot with a? - Correct
Answer a Brannock device
Verified Correct Answers 2024/2025
what midfoot bone is relieved by adding the ST groove? - Correct Answer navicular
the triplanar joints of the foot are parallel to the cardinal planes t/f - Correct Answer false
- these joints are non-parallel
which joint of the foot is a composite joint with 2 different joint axes? - Correct Answer MTJ
(midtarsal joint)
what is true for the medial foot column? - Correct Answer more flexible than the lateral
foot column
which joint of the foot is the primary provider of DF and PF? - Correct Answer talocrural
joint, TCJ
the primary motions of the TCJ is PF and DF. because the joint axis is pitched 10 degrees
from the transverse plane, what are the secondary motions? - Correct Answer this ADducts
and inverts. Or, it ABducts and everts
the "ST modification" prevents the sustentaculum tali from collapsing laterally, which
prevents calcaneal varus. t/f - Correct Answer false, this modification helps the outer
sides, and stops this problem
the lateral column of the foot typically accepts what percentage of force throughout stance
phase? - Correct Answer 30%
this bony prominence may be a problem of concern for patients with ERD - Correct Answer
cuboid
the STJ include articulations of which bones? - Correct Answer calcaneus and talus
the subtalar joint usually allows for what degrees of motion in a non-pathological foot? -
Correct Answer 30 degrees inversion, 10 degrees eversion
,internal rotatory deformity (IRD) includes these 3 motions - Correct Answer 1. calcaneal
valgus,
2. midfoot pronation
3, forefoot abduction
external rotatory deformity (ERD) includes these 3 motions - Correct Answer 1. calcaneal
varus
2. midfoot supination
3. forefoot adduction
The orthotic synonym of IRD: - Correct Answer pes planus
In order to make certain that the foot is in subtalar neutral - Correct Answer there must be
equal to no pressure on either side of the talus
is it possible to block motion in one cardinal plane without altering motion in either of the
other cardinal planes? - Correct Answer no, this isolation of triplanar motion is impossible.
extrinsic posting?
intrinsic posting? - Correct Answer extrinsic posting? is adding a wedge on the outside
intrinsic posting is changing the model itself.
if you remove material from the lateral aspect of the heel to reduce varus, it is extrinsic
posting? or intrinsic posting? - Correct Answer then this is an intrinsic modification
when you add plastic to the lateral plantar side of the foot orthosis heel you are doing:
extrinsic posting?
intrinsic posting? - Correct Answer an extrinsic modification
when you add plaster material to the medial aspect of the metatarsal portion of the mold,
then you are doing: extrinsic posting? intrinsic posting? - Correct Answer an intrinsic
modification
,If the orthotist desires an intrinsic and extrinsic post that will decelerate pronation at initial
contact, which side of the heel should be shaved down in the positive plantar model and
which side should have plastic added to the orthosis? - Correct Answer medial side
to have the greatest effect the Morton's extension modification terminates: - Correct
Answer just beyond the end of the 1st toe
what is considered the most diabetic friendly insert material? - Correct Answer soft
plastazote
when does shock absorption occur during the gait cycle? - Correct Answer initial contact to
loading response (IC to LR)
during weight bearing, transferring weight to stance foot (mid-stance) is approximately
what percent of the body weight in force? - Correct Answer 115%
during weight bearing, when the heel is lifting off the floor it is approximately what percent
of the body weight in force? - Correct Answer 110%
in normal gait, a patient's foot completes its transformation into a rigid foot lever when? -
Correct Answer just prior to midstance
in normal gait, the calcaneus will be in what position on heel strike? (this is IC) - Correct
Answer inverted
in which stage of gait is the foot in a position for surface adaptation? - Correct Answer
midstance
the biomechanical mechanisms that position the foot for surface adaptation are - Correct
Answer subtalar joint pronation, midtarsal joint unlocks (in parallel)
the biomechanical mechanisms that position the foot for more effective propulsion are -
Correct Answer subtalar joint supination, midtarsal joint locks (non-parallel)
the vamp is - Correct Answer flat front top surface of shoe
, the tongue is - Correct Answer the flap between the area with holes on the shoe
the counter is - Correct Answer where the heel rests back upon
the footbed is - Correct Answer the curved top in the sole of the shoe
the shank is - Correct Answer the metallic slit within the sole
sesamoiditis causes pain under 1st MTP during? - Correct Answer toe off and late
midstance
a goal for treating PTTD is to - Correct Answer stop pronating, forefoot abducting, internal
tibial rotating, and calcaneal valgus
metatarsalgia treatment 3 types - Correct Answer 1. shear reducing top
2. met pad
3. met bar
is morton toe the same as morton neuroma? - Correct Answer no, these 2 are different
morton's neuroma is thickening of the plantar nerve between? - Correct Answer the 3rd
and 4th met heads
a good treatment for morton neuroma is using a met pad to support? - Correct Answer the
transverse arch
former stroke patients have what rate more to have vascular disease? - Correct Answer
they have 2 to 4 times more
70% of diabetics have some form of? - Correct Answer diabetic neuropathy
when assessing for foot orthotics it is important to measure the foot with a? - Correct
Answer a Brannock device
