Exam (elaborations)
DANB Review. Infection Control (ICE) Questions and Answers 100% Solved
- Course
- Institution
DANB Review. Infection Control (ICE)
[Show more]
Content preview
DANB Review. Infection Control (ICE)Pathogens - answer Microbes that cause disease
Most common oral diseases - answer Dental caries (decay) and periodontal disease.
Microbiology - answer The study of microorganisms
Nonpathogenic - answer Pertaining to microorganisms that do not produce disease
Endospores - answer bacterial spore that can survive harsh conditions
Pasteurization - answer Treating a substance with heat to kill or slow the growth of
pathogens
Prions - answer infectious proteins
Bacteria - answer When bacteria from one part of the body invade another part
opportunistic infection - answer caused by a pathogen that does not normally produce
an illness in healthy humans
Streptococci - answer bacteria that form a chain and cause infections like
pharyngitis(strep throat), tonsillitis, pneumonia, and endocarditis.
Staphylococcus - answerIrregular Grape-like clusters causing boils, skin infections,
endocarditis, and pneumonia.
Bacilli - answerRod shaped bacteria that causes tuberculosis.
Spirochetes - answerSpiral shaped bacteria that cause Lyme disease, and syphilis.
Aerobes - answerBacteria that require oxygen to grow
Anaerobes - answerBacteria that grow in the absence of oxygen and are destroyed by
oxygen
Virulent - answerCapable of causing serious disease
Spores - answerA tiny cell that is able to grow into a new organism
Viruses - answerThe smallest pathogens that can cause fatal disease.
,Specificity - answerViruses just have this for particular cell types to replicate. (Pickiness)
Latent - answerVirus that remains dormant in the body for years
provirus (prophage) - answerVirus that becomes integrated into the nucleic acid of the
host cell.
Characteristics of a virus - answerCan only be treated symptomatically, cannot be
destroyed by antibiotics, viruses produce different types of infection. Viruses can mutate
and change making it hard to develop a vaccine.
Hepatitis A - answerEnds in a vowel, comes from the bowel(fecal-oral).
The leasts serious and a vaccine is available.
Hepatitis B (HBV) - answerBlood - borne disease caused by the Hepatitis Virus that can
lead to serious liver disease, cirrhosis, and prolonged illness. There is a preventive
vaccine.
Hepatitis C (HCV) - answerTransmitted through Blood transfusions, IV drug use, or a
cut in the skin. There is no vaccine or cure so it is a chronic disease.
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) - answerCaused by human
immunodeficiency virus, sexually transmitted disease.
Hepatitis D (HDV) - answerA defective virus that cannot replicate itself without the
presence of HBV. Where there is Hep B there could be this. Greater risk for death when
infected with both. The vaccines for HBV also prevent HDV.
Hepatitis E (HEV) - answerEnds in a vowel, comes from the bowel. Transmitted by the
fecal/oral route through contaminated food or water.
Herpes simplex virus type 1 - answerthe form of herpes that generates cold sores or
fever blisters around the mouth
Primary herpes - answerHighly contagious oral herpes characterized by a slight fever,
pain in the mouth, increased salivation, bad breath, and feeling ill among children.
Herpes simplex type 2 - answerCommon viral infection that is characterized by localized
blistering that secrete a syrup like fluid
Herpes zoster virus - answerchickenpox and shingles
H1N1 flu - answerSwine flu, respiratory disease from pigs.
Tuberculosis - answerLeading cause of death from infectious diseases worldwide.
, Tetanus - answerLockjaw. Caused by the bacterium Clostridium tetani.
Syphilis - answerTreponema pallidum spirochetes, contact with oral lesions can cause a
painless ulcerating sore( chancre) which is infectious on contact.
MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) - answeraffects the skin, causing
"boils" and abscesses
pandemic disease - answerAn epidemic disease that occurs worldwide
Infection control - answerPolicies and practices designed to prevent the spread of
infectious agents
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) - answerA federal government
agency that issues guidelines to protect and improve health.
OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) - answerThe main federal
agency charged with regulating safety and health in the workplace.
Chain of infection - answerConditions that all must be present for infection to occur.
Infectious agent - answerPathogen responsible for a specific infectious disease.
Reservoir - answerA place where the pathogen grows and reproduces.
Portal of entry - answerRoute by which an infectious agent enters the host.
Susceptible host - answerAn individual who has little resistance to an infectious agent.
Acute infection - answerAn infection of short duration that is often severe.
Chronic infection - answerAn infection of long duration that can have long term effects.
Asymptomatic - answerShowing no symptoms of disease for example an abscess with
no swelling or pain.
Latent infection - answerPersistent infection with recurrent symptoms that "come and
go". Example being herpes zoster(shingles).
Opportunistic infection - answerInfections that occur when the body's defenses are
weakened.
Infectious Disease - answerCommunicable or contagious meaning the disease can be
transmitted or spread in some way from one host to another.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller julianah420. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $15.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
82871 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now