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ETS Major Field Test – Chemistry Questions and Answers
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ETS Major Field Test – Chemistry Questions and Answers
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ETS Major Field Test – ChemistryQuestions and Answers
isomers are two compounds with the same molecular formula that are different - Correct
Answers -what are isomers
1. Structural (constitutional) isomers
2. Stereoisomers (two types) - enantiomers and diasteromers
3. Geometric isomers (also known as cis and trans isomers) - Correct Answers -What
are the three types of isomers?
different bonding arrangement of atoms. atoms are bonded together in a different
sequence - Correct Answers -what is a structural (constitutional) isomer?
stereoisomers: atoms are bonded together in the same sequence, but have different 3-
D arrangement in space
enantiomers: non-superimposable mirror images
diasteromers: stereoisomers that are not enantiomers: not superimposable and not
mirror images - Correct Answers -what is a stereoisomer? what are the two types of
stereoisomers?
an atom that has four different groups attached to it - Correct Answers -what is a chiral
atom?
-R configuration - clockwise
-S configuration - counterclockwise - Correct Answers -If a chiral atoms is in the "R"
configuration, in what direction does the arc go?
if a chiral atom is in the "S" configuration, in what direction does the arc go?
at least 2 - Correct Answers -how many chiral centers does a diastereomer need to
have?
the larger the molecular weight, the lower the water solubility - Correct Answers -how
does molecular weight relate to water-solubility?
-increases water solubility
, -alcohols, amines, C=O, ethers, and F - Correct Answers --How does the presence of
hydrogen-bonding change the water-solubility?
-What can hydrogen-bond with water?
The more linear, the less water soluble, due to a greater non-polar surface area than a
branched molecule of the same molecular weight - Correct Answers -What shape of a
molecule can make a substance less water-soluble and why
the larger the molecular weight, the higher the boiling point. - Correct Answers -How
does molecular weight relate to boiling point?
The more linear, the higher boiling point, due to a greater surface area than a branched
molecule of the same molecular weight.The more surface area, the more chances for
van der Waals attractions. - Correct Answers -what shape of a molecule can make a
molecule have a higher boiling point and why?
The presence of hydrogen-bonding increases boiling point dramatically.Alcohols, 1* and
2* amines and amides, and carboxylic acids all hydrogen-bond with other molecules of
themselves.Dipole-dipole attractions between C=O's increase boiling point to a lesser
extent. - Correct Answers -How does the presence of hydrogen-bonding change the
boiling point?
NMR tells us how many different types of hydrogens or carbons there are in a
compound - Correct Answers -What does Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)
Spectrometry tell us?
tells us about what type of atom it is and what it is bonded to - Correct Answers -What
does the position of the peak in NMR tell us
the time taken for a particular compound to travel through the columns to the detector -
Correct Answers -what is retention time
result from limitations in the equipment or techniques used to make a measurement -
Correct Answers -what is random error
energy required to remove the outermost electron from a gaseous atom - Correct
Answers -what is ionization energy
-Acid = proton donor
-Base = proton acceptor - Correct Answers -What is a Bronsted acid? What is a
Bronsted base?
-acid = accepts a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond
-base = donates a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond - Correct Answers -
What is a lewis acid? what is a lewis base?
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