United States History
Unit 2 Part 1: Industrialization in the United States
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Lesson 1: Technology and Industrial Growth
I will be able to:
● Analyze the factors that led to the industrialization of the United States in the late 1800s.
● Explain how new inventions and innovations changed Americans’ lives.
● Describe the impact of industrialization in the late 1800s.
* Read Industrial Revolution in Unit 2 lesson 1 slide 2 of 6)
* Read Electricity in Unit 2 lesson 1 slide 3 of 6)
* Read pages 436-442.
As you read answer the following questions. Make sure your answers are in complete
sentences. Your answers MUST come from the textbook. Do not use the internet to complete
these responses.
1. Complete the chart below. How did the following things contribute to industrialization?
Event Contribution Page number
Civil War Example: The Civil War contributed to Industrialization because it 436
encouraged production and railroads expanded.
Natural Resources Coal Mines on east coast powered factories, thick wooded areas 437
provided lumber for construction, plentiful oil for light and fuel.
Growing workforces Immigrants pushed from their homelands migrated to the US from 437
Asia and Europe
Technology/innovation Technology changed the Job Market 438
Government policies Minimum regulations on business and protective tarrifs 438
2. Why did Congress enact protective tariffs? What affect did the government’s laissez-faire
policies? (Page 438)
They wanted to encourage buying American products, laissez-faire economic policies led to
expansive growth of American business.
3. What was the Bessemer process? What effect did it have on American industry (page 439)
Process of purifying iron that created a strong but lightweight steel.
, 4. Which of these describes laissez-faire policies? Place an X next to the correct answer.
___a. the use of multiple regulations on each business in order to promote growth
___b. the use of minimum regulations on business in order to promote growth
___c. the use of zero regulations on business in order to promote growth
REMEMBER TO SAVE YOUR WORK OFTEN!!
Lesson 2: The Rise of Big Business
I will be able to:
● Analyze different methods that businesses used to increase their profits.
● Describe the public debate over the impact of big business
● Explain how the government took steps to block abuses of corporate power
* Read John D. Rockefeller and Standard Oil (slide 2 of 6)
* Read Pages 443-448 in your textbook
As you read answer the following questions. Make sure your answers are in complete sentences. Your
answers MUST come from the textbook. Do not use the internet to complete these responses.
1. Methods that Corporations Used
Methods Corporations Define it/Who used it Page
used number
Monopoly Complete control of a product or service. Cornelius Vanderbilt 444
Trust Companies assign their stock to a board of trustees, who 445
combine them into a new organization. John D. Rockefeller
Cartel Businesses making the same product agree to limit their 444
production and thus keep prices high. John D. Rockefeller
2. Terms:
Term What was it? Company or entrepreneur Page
who used it. number
Horizontal Consolidating many firms in the same John D. Rockefeller 445-448
Integration business.
Vertical Integration Consolidating firms involved in all steps of a John D. Rockefeller 445-448
products manufacture. Andrew Carnegie
3. How government responded:
Regulation What did it do? Page
number
Interstate Commerce
Set up to monitor railroads that crossed state lines and could not set 448
Commission laws to control the railroad’s transactions.
Sherman Antitrust Act
Outlawed any trust that operated “in restraint of trade or commerce 448
among the several states.”
REMEMBER TO SAVE YOUR WORK OFTEN!!
Lesson 3: The Organized Labor Movement
I will be able to:
● Assess the problems that workers faced in the late 1800s
● Compare the goals and strategies of different labor organizations
● Analyze the cause and effects of strikes
*The Unit 2 Lesson 3 Quiz is dropped. Just complete the Guided Reading for this lesson.
* Read pp 450-457 in your textbook.
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