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Chapter 4 DANB QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
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Exam of 2 pages for the course DANB at DANB (Chapter 4 DANB)
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Chapter 4 DANB3 Basic Requirements for Acceptable Radiograph - answer1. All parts must be imaged
as close to natural shapes/sizes.
2. Area must be imaged completely w/ enough tissue
3. Free of errors, show proper density, contrast, definition
Radiolucent - answer Portion of image that is dark/black. Permit the passage of xrays w/
little or no resistance. Pulp chamber/periodontal ligament
Radiopaque - answer Portion of image that is light/white. Radiopaque = dense,
absorb/resist passage of xrays... Enamel, dentin, bone
Density - answerdegree of darkness/image blackening. Light = little dense. Dark = more
dense. Blackness results when xray strike crystals.
Contrast - answerRefers to shades of gray separating dark/light areas. Good contrast =
enough shade to diff between structures.
Sharpness - answerRefers to detail/clarity of outline of structures on radiograph. Can be
affected by pixel size/distribution
Shadow Casting - answerRadiograph = 2D image of 3d object. Referred as Geometric
Factors...
Small focal spot = reduces size of penumbra (shadow around object) - sharper
image/less magnification. 16in PID
Long target-object distance - reduces penumbra/magnification - 16in PID
Short object-film distance - reduces penumbra/mag
Parallel relationship between obj. and film - less distortion
Perpendicular relationship between beam and object and film - prevents distortion
Factors affecting radiograph - answerContrast, Sharpness/definition, Magnification,
Distortion
Contrast... 1. Subject. 2. Kilovoltage (kV).. High kV = low contrast, Low kV = high
contrast. 3. Scatter radiation - don't want, decrease contrast. 4. Film/sensor type. 5.
Exposure - over/under exposed = poor contrast. Processing - improper time/temp = bad
contrast.
Sharpness - answer1.Focal Spot - Small = increase sharpness. Large = decrease
2.Target-image receptor distance - Long = increase sharpness. Short = decrease
3. Object-image receptor distance - Short = Increase sharpness.
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