NURS 6700 Final Exam With Actual Questions And
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The postpartum period is? -Answer the interval between birth and the return of the
reproductive organs to their normal nonpregnant state this period is sometimes
referred to as the puerperium, or fourth trimester of pregnancy
A nurse is assessing a postpartum client for fundal height, location, and consistency.
The fundus is displaced laterally to the right, and uterine atony is present. The nurse
should identify which of the following as a cause of uterine atony?
a. poor involution
b. urinary retention
c. hemorrhage
d. infection - Answer b
What happens when the uterus involutes? -Answer at the end of the third stage of labor
the uterus is in the midline approximately 2cm below the level of the umbilicus, with the
fundus resting on the sacral promontory.
Within 12 hours the fundus can rise to approximately 1cm above the umbilicus
by 24 hours after birth the uterus is about the same size as it was at 20 weeks of
gestation
,involution progresses rapidly during the next few days
the fundus descends 1 to 2 cm every 24 hours
by the sixth postpartum day the fundus is normally located halfway between the
umbilicus and the symphysis pubis
the uterus should not be palpable abdominally after 2 weeks and should have returned
to its non pregnant location by 6 weeks after birth
the return of the uterus to a non pregnant state after birth is called? - Answer involution
when does involution take place? - Answer this process begins immediately after
expulsion of the placenta with contraction of the uterine smooth muscle
the uterus which at full term weighs approximately 11 times its pre pregnancy weight,
involutes to approximately? - Answer 500g by 1 week after birth and to 300g by 2 weeks
after brith
by 4 weeks postpartum it weights approximately 100g which is the non pregnant size
Increased levels of estrogen and progesterone stimulate the tremendous uterine growth
during pregnancy. The uterus is able to stretch to accommodate the growing fetus
because both hypertrophy (an increase in the size of the muscle cells) and hyperplasia
(an increase in the number of muscle cells) occur. After birth the decrease in these
hormones causes? - Answer autolysis which is the self destruction of excess
hypertrophied tissue
sub involution is? - Answer the failure of the uterus to return to a non pregnant state due
to ineffective uterine contractions
,the most common cause of sub involution is? - Answer retained placental fragments and
infection
The characteristics of post birth uterine discharge known as lochia, correlate with? -
Answer uterine involution and changes in the endometrium
most women experience lochia for 4 to 6 weeks after brith
Lochia In the initial 2 hours following delivery The nature of Lochia -Answer The flow of
uterine discharge should be about that of a heavy menstrual period
Following this duration, the local flow will progressively reduce in volume and the
characteristic appearance of the Lochia will change
Describe the Rubra Lochia -Answer Colour :red
Time since delivery : 1-2 days
contents: blood from placental site, debris of trophoblastic tissue, vernix, lanugo,
meconium
time after birth: 10-14 days, may go on for 3-6 weeks
contents: WBCs, trophoblastic tissue debris
hemorrhoids (anal varicosities) are common and often develop during pregnancy and
internal hemorrhoids can evert while the woman is pushing during birth. After birth what
, happens to the hemorrhoids - Answer women often experience associated symptoms
such as itching, discomfort, and bright red bleeding with defecation
hemorrhoids usually decrease in size within 6 weeks of brith and eventually regress
what changes occur in the breasts postpartum? - Answer shortly postpartum, the levels
of the hormones, estrogens, progesterone, hCG, prolactin, cortisol and insulin which
maintained mammary development during pregnancy decrease
the time it takes for each of these hormones to return to antepartum levels depends
partly on whether or not the mother nursed her infant
during the first 24 hours after birth there is little, if any, change in the breast tissue. ____
or early milk a clear, yellow fluid can be expressed from the breasts. - Answer colostrum
The breasts gradually become fuller and heavier as the colostrum changes to mature
milk, by about 72 to 96 hours after birth this is often referred to as? - Answer "milk
coming in" or lactogenesis 2
When lactogenesis 2 occurs what happens to the breasts? -Answer the breasts can feel
warm, firm and somewhat tender
bluish white milk with a skim milk appearance (true milk) can be expressed from the
nipples
as milk glands and milk ducts fill with milk, breast tissue can feel somewhat nodular or
lymph
engorgement - The breast tissue may feel somewhat nodular or lymph-like as the milk
glands and ducts fill with milk. Other women at this time have engorgement where blood
and lymphatic fluids increase with the increase in milk production.
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