Harry Harlow was able to show with monkeys: Isolating monkeys from birth led to behaviors that were withdrawn, unable to relate to peers, unable to mate, and incapable of caring for their offspring
Behavioral therapy Behavioral therapy is base on the assumption that changes in maladaptive be...
Exam 2 (Two): NSG 526 Clinical Modalities in
Advanced Psychiatric Mental Health Questions
with Verified Answers – Wilkes University.
Harry Harlow was able to show with monkeys: Isolating monkeys
from birth led to behaviors that were withdrawn, unable to relate to
peers, unable to mate, and incapable of caring for their offspring
Behavioral therapy Behavioral therapy is base on the assumption
that changes in maladaptive behavior can occur without insight into the
underlying cause. This approach works best when it is directed at
specific problems and the goals are well defined. Behavioral therapy is
effective in treating people with phobias, alcoholism, schizophrenia, and
many other conditions.
Albert Ellis' Rational Emotive Therapy People control their own
destinies and interpret events according to their own values and beliefs.
A-B-C theory Activating event, belief, consequences (emotional
and/or behavioral)
Ellis- RET
Forms of irrational beliefs Something should be
different/Something is awful or terrible/One cannot tolerate
something/Something or someone is damned or cursed.
Systematic Desensitization Systematic desensitization is another
form of behavior modification therapy that involves the development of
behavioral tasks customized to the client's specific fears; these tasks are
presented to the client while using learned relaxation techniques. The
process involves four steps:
The client's fear is broken down into its components by exploring the
particular stimulus cues to which the client reacts.
The client is incrementally exposed to the fear.
The client is instructed in how to design a hierarchy of fears.
The client practices these techniques every day.
Complementary Alternative Medicine vs Western major difference
Western medicine focuses on what is done to the patient whereas CAM
focuses on mind-body interactions.
Beck Beck developed the cognitive model of depression and the
concept that cognitive processing distortions underlie psychological
disorders
ACTIVE, TIME-LIMITED APPROACH
,depression can be understood via schemas: Beck;
cognitive errors, and the cognitive triad (i.e., negative views of self,
tendency toward interpreting experiences in a negative manner, and
holding negative views of the future).
Beck assumption Distorted thinking contributes to and maintains
bheavior (symptoms)
Ellis RET (Rational Emotive Therapy) a form of cbt
ret unrealistic and irrational beliefs cause many emotional
problems. The purpose of RET is to identify an irrational belief and
dispute it through active, philosophical, confrontational therapy.
RET assumption People make themselves sick anytime they
escalate a desire or preference into a demand or absolute must. (People
become who they become based on their beliefs).
Skinner operant conditioning
Operant conditioning voluntary behaviors are learned through
consequences, and behavioral responses are elicited through
reinforcement, which causes a behavior to occur more frequently.
, Positive reinforcement- getting a gift, or negative reinforcement-
removal of objectionable' or aversive stimulus
Skinner Absence of reinforcement, or extinction, also decreases
behavior by withholding a reward that has become habitual. Teachers
employ this strategy in the classroom when they ignore acting-out
behavior that had previously been rewarded by more attention.
Skinner's behavior model provides a concrete method for modifying or
replacing behaviors. Behavior management and modification programs
based on his principles have shown to be successful in altering targeted
behaviors. Programmed learning and token economies represent
extensions of Skinner's thoughts on learning. Behavioral methods are
particularly effective with children, adolescents, and individuals with
many forms of chronic mental illness.
Universality Yaslom: The recognition of shared experiences and
feelings among group members and that these may be widespread or
universal human concerns, serves to remove a group member's sense
of isolation, validate their experiences, and raise self-esteem.
Altruism Yaslom: The group is a place where members can help
each other, and the experience of being able to give something to
another person can lift the member's self esteem and help develop
more adaptive coping styles and interpersonal skills.
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