Chem 103 Final Exam.Sample Questions
And Answers
What is an unsaturated hydrocarbon? - answers A hydrocarbon containing at least one
double or triple bond.
How do you draw the line structure of an organic compound? - answers Draw zigzag
lines with each point as a carbon. H...
What is an unsaturated hydrocarbon? - answers A hydrocarbon containing at least one
double or triple bond.
How do you draw the line structure of an organic compound? - answers Draw zigzag
lines with each point as a carbon. Hydrogens are not drawn but assumed.
What is the molecular formula? - answers Lists the kind and number of each atom in a
molecule
What is the structural formula? - answers shows each atom and bond in a molecule
What is the condensed formula? - answers shows all the atoms in a molecule in
sequential order indicating which atoms are bonded to which
How many bonds does carbon make? - answers 4
What is the shape of a carbon structure? - answers tetrahedral
What is an isomer? - answers Compounds with the same molecular formula but
different structures and PHYSICAL PROPERTIES.
What happens as the carbon chain (molecular weight) in a hydrocarbon goes up? -
answers Melting point, boiling point, and density increase.
What is a primary carbon? - answers a carbon attached to only one other carbon
What is a secondary carbon? - answers a carbon attached to 2 other carbons
What is a tertiary carbon? - answers A carbon attached to 3 other carbons.
What kind of aliphatic hydrocarbon are cis trans isomers? - answers Alkene
What are the two kinds of geometric isomers? - answers Cis = two groups same side
(medically good)
trans= two groups opposite sides (toxic)
How can geometric isomers interconvert? - answers Only by breaking c-c bonds.
, What are the products of an alkane complete combustion reaction? - answers CO2,
H2O and heat
What are the products of an alkane incomplete combustion reaction? - answers CO
(carbon monoxide), H2O and heat
What is halogenation of an alkane? - answers Substitution reaction that results in the
replacement of 1 group from another. One hydrogen is replaced with a halogen.
The key reaction of alkenes is... - answers an addition reaction (Hydrogenation,
halogenation, hydration, hydrohalogenation) which is 2 molecules combining to give 1
new molecule.
A symmetrical addition reaction is... - answers same atom added to each carbon
(Halogenation, Hydrogenation)
An unsymmetrical addition reaction is... - answers hydrogen and another atom are
added to 2 carbons (hydrohalogenation, hydration)
What happens in a hydration reaction? - answers A H2O molecule is added to an
alkene. The double bond is broken and an hydrogen and an OH are connected to the
two carbons.
What happens in a hydrogenation reaction? - answers The addition of H to a C-C
bond.
How do you determine the major product according to Markounikov's Rule? - answers
When the H of an acid goes to the end of the broken double bond that initially had the
most H's attached.
Hydration of an alkyne must produce... - answers Either an aldehyde or a ketone
What is the carbinol carbon in an alcohol? - answers Carbon bearing the hydroxyl
group.
How do you determine primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols? - answers Look at
how many carbons the carbonyl carbon is attached too.
Are alcohols polar and do they form Hydrogen bonds? - answers Very polar and can
form H bonds readily (High BP).
How does the addition of OH groups and carbons affect solubility? - answers The
more OH groups, the more soluble.
Increase in carbon chain, decreases solubility and polarity.
How do you name alcohols? - answers Add -ol to the end of the longest carbon chain.
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