Exam (elaborations)
NR 507 Week 2 quiz Questions and Answers 2024
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Exam of 9 pages for the course NR 507 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY at NR 507 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY (NR 507 Week 2 quiz)
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NR 507 Week 2 quizH1 Receptors - answer-Promotes inflammation
-Smooth muscle contraction- especially those in the bronchi
-Vasodilation
-Edema
-Hives
-More awake and alert
Leukotrienes - answer-Inflammatory mediator
-Stimulates contraction of smooth muscles in bronchioles
-Overproduction causes inflammation in asthma and allergic rhinitis
H2 Receptors - answer-Antiinflammatory
-Suppresses leukocyte function
-Decreased histamine
-Increased gastric acid production
-Smooth muscle relaxation
Prostaglandins - answerA group of lipids made at the site of tissue injury. They control
inflammation, blood clot formation, and blood flow.
-Stimulate nerve endings= Pain
Allergy: Type I IgE-Mediated Response - answer-Immediate
-IgE
-Principal cells : Mast cells
-Ex: Seasonal allergic rhinitis, Hay fever
Mitochondria - answerPowerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy)
production
Endoplasmic Reticulum - answerA cell structure that forms a maze of passageways in
which proteins and other materials are carried from one part of the cell to another.
Peroxisome and Lysosome - answer-Digestive enzymes
-Break down waste and foreign material
Allergy: Type II Tissue-Specific Response - answer-Immediate
-IgG, IgM
-Principal Cells: Macrophages in tissues
-drug allergies/allergies against infectious agents
-the antibody binds to the antigen on the cell surface
, - Ex: Graves disease, Autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura, ABO incompatability
1) The cell to be destroyed by the antibody
2) Cell destruction through phagocytosis by macrophages
3) Damage to the cell by neutrophils triggering phagocytosis
4) Natural killer cells to release toxic substances that destroy the target cell
5) Malfunction of the cell without destruction
Allergy: Type III Immune Complex-Mediated Response - answer-Immediate
-IgG, IgM
-Principal cells: Neutrophils
-The antibody binds to the antigen in the blood or body fluids and then circulates to the
tissue
-Not organ specific
-Ex: Systemic lupus erythematosus
Allergy: Type IV Cell-Mediated Response - answer-Delayed
-Hypersensitivity reactions
-Principal cells: lymphocytes/macrophages
-Mediated by T-lymphocytes
-Does not use antibodies
-Localized contact dermatitis (Poison Ivy)
Innate immunity - answer-Physical, mechanical, biochemical
-Nonspecific
-Ex: intact skin, GI movement, Eyelashes sweeping debris, mucous, tears, bile, normal
flora on skin, mouth, vagina, etc.
-Inflammatory response (immediate)
- Lymphocyte production (slow-acting, specific protection)
PRR (Pattern Recognition Receptor) - answerReceptors on the surface of WBCs that
identify 'self' or 'foreign'
PAMP - answerPathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns
DAMP - answerDamage-Associated Molecular Patterns
Phagocytosis - answerThe PAMP/DAMP/PRR interaction that helps stimulate mast cell
degranulation and vascular response and the WBC response to inflammation
1) Recognition and adherence with the WBC to pathogen
2) Plasma protein (antibodies & compliment) coats foreign material=facilitates
adherence of WBCs
3) Fusion with lysosome to form phagosome
4) Destruction and digestion
Neutrophils - answer-70% of WBCs
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