Risk factors for folic acid deficency - answeralcoholism
, Symptoms of folic acid deficiency - answercheilosis, stomatitis, painful ulcerations of
mucosa, GI tract sensitivity
Iron deficiency anemia - answerAccompanied by low ferritin and transferrin levels
Low MCHC
Microcytic, hypochromic
causes of iron deficiency anemia - answerdietary deficiency, impaired absorption,
increased requirement, chronic blood loss
Thalassemia - answerGenetic with many possible mutations
Low MCHC
Anemia of chronic disease/inflammation - answerInitially normocytic-normochromic but
changes to microcytic-hypochromic
caused by decreased erythropoiesis and impaired iron utilization in those with chronic
disease/inflammation
i.e. CHF, CKD, infections
Hemolytic anemia - answerpremature accelerated destruction of erythrocytes
Causes of hemolytic anemia - answerAcquired (transfusion reaction, hemolytic disease
of newborns, drug, infectious, etc.)
Genetic (structural defects, plasma protein mutation, enzyme deficiencies)
Aplastic anemia - answernormal MCHC
Suspect if levels of circulating erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets are also
diminished
Sickle cell trait - answerAsymptomatic
Carry only one copy of hemoglobin gene
Sickle cell disease - answerSymptomatic
Carries two abnormal hemoglobin genes
Primary immunodeficiencies - answerDefect occurs during immune system
development
less common
can involve antibody deficiencies, B and T cell deficiencies, etc.
Secondary immunodeficiencies - answerImmune system becomes compromised by
something else
More common
i.e. cancer, drug effect, infections, malnutrition, HIV
Type 1 Hypersensitivity Reaction - answerIgE mediated reaction
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