NUR 378 Exam 3 Practice Questions and Complete Solutions
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Course
NUR 378
Institution
NUR 378
What category are adrenergic drugs? also known as adrenergic agonists or sympathomimetics: -stimulate the sympathetic nervous system -mimic the action of adrenaline (epinephrine) and noradrenaline (norepinephrine), which are neurotransmitters that mediate the body's fight-or-flight response
Can be...
NUR 378 Exam 3 Practice Questions and
Complete Solutions
What category are adrenergic drugs? ✅also known as adrenergic agonists or
sympathomimetics:
-stimulate the sympathetic nervous system
-mimic the action of adrenaline (epinephrine) and noradrenaline (norepinephrine), which
are neurotransmitters that mediate the body's fight-or-flight response
Can be further classified based on their specificity for different adrenergic receptors:
- alpha-1
-alpha-2,
-beta-1
-beta-2 receptors.
What is the mechanism of anticholinergic drugs? ✅to direct blood to the heart, lungs,
and brain by inhibiting the parasympathetic nervous system. This will result in an
increase in heart rate and blood pressure.
______________ drugs stimulate the activation of the parasympathetic nervous system
by activating receptors for acetylcholine ✅cholinergic
Anticholinergics:
A) inhibit
B) agonist (bind)
To the pns ✅a) inhibit
Beta 2 receptor functions (adrenergic inhibitor) ✅located in lungs (bronchial smooth
muscle), arteries of skeletal muscle, gi tract, uterus
-bronchodilation
-relaxation of blood vessels
-decreases gi motility
-inhibition of labor
,-peripheral constrictor
-contraction of bladder neck and prostate
-glycogenolysis
-inhibition of renin release (in case of fight or flight response this constricts raas, you
don't bleed out)
*found in all smooth muscle of the sns
Alpha 2 receptor functions (adrenergic inhibitor) ✅located in presynaptic junction
-decrease in insulin secretion
*if stimulated its going to dampen the effects of sns
Breakdown cholinergics ✅cholin= colon
Ergic= to move
*cholinergic agents activate the colon in rest and digest
Anticholinergics produce what effect? ✅dry effects
Cholinergic agonists produce what effect? ✅sludge (diarrhea!)
Adrenergic antagonists....... ✅rest!
Adrenergic agonists (sns) ✅fight!
Sympathetic nervous system (sns) ✅the component of the autonomic nervous system
that responds to stressful situations by initiating the fight-or-flight response.
-dilates pupils
-inhibits salivation
-relaxes bronchi
-accelerates heart beat
_inhibits peristalsis and secretion
-stimulates glucose production and release
-secretion of adrenaline and noradrenaline
-inhibits bladder contraction
-stimulates orgasm
Parasympathetic nervous system ✅the division of the autonomic nervous system that
calms the body, conserving its energy
Dopamine nursing interventions/pt teaching ✅nursing assessments/interventions:
-monitor urine output, report decrease in urine
-report cloudy urine or sudden weight gain
-assess bp and compare to normal values
-assess hr, ecg heart sounds
-report rhythm disturbances, chest discomfort, sob
-report fainting, fatigue, or weakness
*if patient is hypovolemic (either through dehydration or severe blood loss, give
adequate fluid and blood product before giving dopamine)
Pt teaching:
-explain the need for frequent hemodynamic monitoring
, Epinephrine ✅moa: adrenaline, adrenergics--works with sns
-vasoconstriction
-bronchodilation
-increased heart rate
-part of the acls protocol for cardiac arrest
Indication: -severe sepsis
-anaphylaxis , severe septic shock, asthma (via nebulizer or subq) , cardiac arrest
Drug interactions: lots but usually given in an emergency!
Epinephrine: nursing interventions/patient teaching ✅nursing interventions/ patient
teaching:
-continously monitor pts vitals including hr, bp, resp rate, o2 sat
-monitor for signs of improvement/deterioration
Pt teaching: teach how to admin epinephrine subcutaneously in an emergency. Only
inject anterolateral aspect of the thigh, through clothing if necessary
-hold thigh in place for child
*good in a crisis
Phenelzine (maois) ✅indication: depression that has not responded to other classes of
antidepressants
-depression in bipolar disorder
Moa: increases availability of norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine
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