NUR 226 Exam 1 Practice Questions and Correct Answers
0 view 0 purchase
Course
NUR 226
Institution
NUR 226
Pathophysiology study of disease and injury
Disease disruption of homeostasis (physical, mental, social)
What is homeostasis in relation to the body? body + organs function best when at normal range
What is an example of homeostasis in the body? maintaining the body's blood ph
What is the norma...
NUR 226 Exam 1 Practice Questions and
Correct Answers
Pathophysiology ✅study of disease and injury
Disease ✅disruption of homeostasis (physical, mental, social)
What is homeostasis in relation to the body? ✅body + organs function best when at
normal range
What is an example of homeostasis in the body? ✅maintaining the body's blood ph
What is the normal ph range for our blood? ✅7.35-7.45
What is the term for a high ph? ✅alkalosis
What is the term for a low ph? ✅acidosis
What happens when the body's temperature falls? ✅blood vessels constrict, no
secreted fluid, shivering means that more heat is retained
What happens when the body's temperature rises? ✅blood vessels dilate, fluid is
secreted, fluid evaporates + heat is lost from the body
What are intrinsic factors in cause of disease? ✅internal conditions
Ex: over or under production of insulin
What are extrinsic factors in cause of disease? ✅external conditions
Ex: virus, fungi
What is special about bacteria in terms of cause of disease? ✅- can be intrinsic or
extrinsic
- intrinsic because we need bacteria in our gi tract
- extrinsic because food can have bacteria that can affect our gut
What are examples of intrinsic factors for disease? ✅- genes (mutations)
- immunity (immunocompromised)
- age (older= more susceptible to disease)
- gender
What are examples of extrinsic factors for disease? ✅- bacteria
- viruses
,- injury
- behaviors
- stressors
What are the stages of disease? ✅- exposure/ incubation
- onset
- remission
- convalescence
What is the exposure/ incubation stage? ✅- time of exposure to disease -> onset of
disease symptoms
- infected but might not have symptoms
What is the different types of onset stage of disease? ✅- sudden: ex is heart attack
- insidious: slow ex is gi bleed
- latent: time of infection to time of becoming infected
- prodromal: chills before getting sick
- manifestations: individual could or has been diagnosed with the disease
What is the remission stage of disease? ✅- disease is no longer active
- signs/ symptoms are reduced
What is the convalescence stage of disease? ✅recovering from disease
What are the 5 processes of disease? ✅1. Identification
2. Occurrence
3. Diagnosis
4. Etiology
5. Prognosis
What is the identification process of disease? ✅- signs: objective data (ex: lung
sounds)
- symptoms: subjective data (what pt. Tells you)
What is the occurrence process of disease? ✅- how often
- when
What is the diagnosis process of disease? ✅identification: put name to the disease
What is the etiology process of disease? ✅cause: what led to the disease
What is the prognosis process of disease? ✅- likelihood of recovery
- disease course or outcome
What are the three types of diseases? ✅1. Idiopathic
, 2. Iatrogenic
3. Exacerbation
What is the idiopathic disease type? ✅- unknown cause
- might have ideas or theories
- unable to identify how patient got disease
What is the iatrogenic disease type? ✅- caused by some treatment
- medical cause
- ex: colonoscopy
What is the exacerbation disease type? ✅- worsening of the disease
- acute decline in a person's chronic disease
- ex: exacerbation of asthma
Pharmacology ✅study of biological effect of drugs (chemicals) that are introduced into
body to cause some sort of change
Pharmacokinetics ✅what happens to the drugs in the body (4 components)
Pharmacodynamics ✅moa and or effects that the drug has on the body
Therapeutic effects ✅intended effect of the drug, what we want to happen
Side effects ✅unintended effects, unavoidable
- previously known before taking the drug
- ex: upset stomach, dry mouth, drowsiness (more common ones)
Toxicities ✅harmful effects
May be systemic or local
Adverse effects ✅- unexpected or dangerous reactions
- can range from mild to severe
- ex: rash, jaundice, anemia, kidney damage, etc.
Allergic reaction ✅unexpected, may be dangerous, involves immune system response
- ex: rash, hives, difficulty breathing
Pharmacogenomics ✅- how individuals genetic makeup can affect drug response
- tailor drugs to a persons genetic makeup
- better drugs with less adverse effects (pain control, cancer meds, psychiatric meds)
Prototype drugs ✅- one drug, typically the first, represents group or class of meds
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller twishfrancis. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
