Nursing 228 Exam 1 Study Guide with Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
NUR 228
Institution
NUR 228
Historical perspective of Nursing practice -Healthcare in ancient cultures; illness is evil spirits -Folk image: presents nurse as a "caring person" - Religious image: nurses devote lives caring and exhibit selfless commitment - Servant image: Influenced development of nursing as a profession.
Nig...
Nursing 228 Exam 1 Study Guide with
Questions and Correct Answers
Historical perspective of Nursing practice ✅-Healthcare in ancient cultures; illness is
evil spirits
-Folk image: presents nurse as a "caring person"
- Religious image: nurses devote lives caring and exhibit selfless commitment
- Servant image: Influenced development of nursing as a profession.
Nightingale's contribution to nursing and to the growth and improvement of nursing
education ✅She was a positive image for nursing and started up what we know as
modern nursing now. Improved the health of British Soldiers. One of the early users of
statistics, advanced nursing as a profession
Florence Nightingale's Influences and Accomplishments ✅- Changed the form and
direction of nursing
- set standards for nursing education
- recommendations are valid today
- wrote Notes on Nursing
Accomplishments
1. demonstrated the value of aseptic techniques and infection control protection
2. The value of political activism to affect the health care reform
3. established the first nursing school in England
4. Kept careful statistics
NIghtingales Basic Principles of Nursing Education ✅-Trained teaching hospitals are
associated with medical school.
- Nurses reside in nurses houses, normally by their clinical hospital
- school matron has final authority in: curriculum, living arrangements, aspects of school
- Education includes theoretical material and practical experiences
- teachers are paid for instruction
- Records kept on students.
Development and characteristics of the early nursing schools ✅Education began
shortly after the civil war.
Curriculum fashioned after Nightingale's school in England. Early programs primarily
apprenticeships, with long hours. There were strong militaristic and religious influences.
A nurse in training was expected to yield to her superiors by demonstrating the
obedience characteristic of a good soldier.
Impact wars and conflicts have has on nursing and nursing education ✅Played an
important role in the care of the wounded.
- Over the years, nursing has taken over an increasingly important role
, American Revolution in Nursing ✅development of dispensaries; first place to a vaccine
against smallpox as preventative medicine
Red Cross and Nursing ✅Born during the Spanish War. Clara Barton was credited
with founding
1901 and nursing ✅Army nurse corps established
1908 and nursing ✅navy nurse corps established
WW1 and the 1920's in nursing ✅-advances in medical care and public health.
-improved hospital care and surgical techniques
-environmental conditions improved
-nurses won the right to vote in 1919 in WW2 because of their role in the war.
-Gi Bill enacted to expand nursing education for Bachelor's and masters degree
programs after serving
- Fighting Nursing came into existence
Korean and Vietnam Wars ✅Developed triage and surgery with mass units. (Mobile
army surgical hospitals)
Decreasing mortality rates was really important
Newman ✅Major theme: The system approach; FLEXIBILITY
- focuses on the response of the client system to actual or potential environmental
stressors and the use of Nursing Prevention interventions for attaining, retaining, and
maintaining optimal client systems wellness.
- Nursing responds to individuals, groups, and communities, who are in constant
interaction with environmental stressors that create disequilibrium
Nightingale ✅Major theme: environment and sanitation
-influences that directed her toward a nursing theory of class education, upper-class life,
religion, and spirituality.
- the goal of nursing is to put the client in the best condition for nature to act upon him
Orem ✅Major theme: self-care deficit model: Selfcare, self-care deficits and nursing
systems
- facilitates client self-care
-nurse implements appropriate measures to assist the client in meeting the needs
-Nursing is concerned with the individual's need for self-care action.
Peplau ✅Major theme: interpersonal relations as a nursing process
- explored the interpersonal relationship of the nurse and client.
- identified the client's feelings as a predictor of positive outcomes related to health and
wellness.
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