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CMSRN Exam. GI and Electrolytes-Fluids Questions and Answers 2024
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CMSRN Exam. GI and Electrolytes-Fluids
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CMSRN Exam. GI and Electrolytes-Fluids
GI - answer on-sterile tube system
function to supply nutrients to body cells through ingestion, digestion, and absorption
GI system accessory organs - answer liver
pancreas
biliary system
salivary glands
GI system main organs - answer esophagus
stomach
small and large intestines
nursing assessment for GI system - answer history/family history
eating habits
surgeries
medications
social history
GI system symptoms - answerpain
unexplained weight loss
change in eating/bowel habits
food intolerance
nausea
vomiting
right upper quadrant pain - answergallbladder
right lower quadrant pain - answerappendix
left upper quadrant pain - answerstomach
left lower quadrant pain - answerinflammatory bowel disease
flank pain - answerkidneys
GI system assessment - answerinspection: skin appearance and contour
auscultation: bowel sounds
palpation
percussion
,diagnostic labs for GI system - answerbilirubin
liver enzymes
pancreatic enzymes
H. pylori stool
contrast studies
angiography: assess perfusion
scopes: endoscopy, colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, ERCP
ultrasound
bilirubin - answerconjugated
unconjugated
liver enzymes - answerAST
ALT
albumin
PT
pancreatic enzymes - answerlipase
amylase
protease
contrast studies of GI system - answerupper and lower tract with small bowel follow
through
nursing consideration for contrast studies of the GI system - answerassess for allergy
adequate prep
NPO
nursing consideration for angiography of the GI system - answerassess for bleeding
nursing consideration for scopes of the GI system - answersedation considerations
return of swallow
need for biopsy
major complication from ERCP - answerpancreatitis
acid neutralizers - answercontain aluminum hydroxide and/or magnesium hydroxide
common acid neutralizers - answerMaalox
Amphogel
TUMS
side effect of acid neutralizer that contains magnesium - answerdiarrhea
side effect of acid neutralizer that contains aluminum - answerconstipation
, nursing consideration for acid neutralizers - answerpatients should take at least 1-2
hours after other medications
follow with 8 oz of water
proton pump inhibitors - answerblocks the H+K pump, which is the final pathway of HCL
production
common proton pump inhibitors - answerPrilosec
Prevacid
Protonix
side effects of proton pump inhibitors - answerincrease risk of gastric cancer, GI
infections, and C. diff
nursing consideration for proton pump inhibitors - answercan potentiate warfarin and
may also interact with antibiotics
should only use for 4-8 weeks
can decrease magnesium level
gastric motility stimulants - answerprokinetic agents that stimulate peristalsis to prevent
HCL reflux into the esophagus
common gastric motility stimulant - answerReglan
nursing considerations for gastric motility stimulants - answeradminister 30 minutes
before meals
side effects of gastric motility stimulants - answerCNS changes
dry mouth
hypotension
tachycardia
three lobes of stomach - answerfundus
body
pylorus
stomach - answerabsorption is minimal
secretes HCL and enzymes
gastroesophageal reflux disease description - answerbackflow of acid and stomach
contents into the esophagus
leads to inflammation
25-35% incidence in the US
GERD risk facotrs - answerhiatal hernia
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