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Egan's Chapter 4 - Infection Control, Respiratory Science (SH) questions with answers.
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Egan's Chapter 4 - Infection Control,Respiratory Science (SH) questions with
answers.
What three elements that must be present for transmission of infection within a health care setting?
ANS - A source (or reservoir) of pathogens, a susceptible host and a route of transmission. (Egan Pg 54)
What is the name for infections that are acquired in the hospital? ANS - Nosocomial infections. (Egan
pg 54)
What precautions are used to prevent a form of contact transmission that occurs when droplets are
propelled short distances(within 3ft or less through the air) ANS - Droplet Precautions. (Egan Pg 69)
What are four categories of Expanded Precautions? ANS - Contact Precautions, Droplet Precautions,
Airborne Infection Isolation, and Protective Environment. (Eagan Pg 68)
Hand hygiene includes both handwashing with either plain or antiseptic-containing soap and water for
at least how many seconds? ANS - 15 seconds. (Egan Pg 70)
What are the precautions that are to be applied to the care of all patients in all health care settings?
ANS - Standard Precautions. (Egan Pg 67)
What is the practice of grouping patients with the same infection? ANS - Cohorting. (Egan Pg 73)
What is an ongoing process of monitoring patients and health care personnel for acquistion of infection
and/or colonization of pathogens? ANS - Surveillance. (Egan Pg 73)
What are methods that kill bacteria? ANS - bactericidal. (Egan Pg 57)
What are the size of droplet nuclei? ANS - 5 μm or less. (Egan Pg 56)
,How many infections do hospital-acquired HAIs account for annually? ANS - estimated 2 million
infections.(Egan Pg 54)
What is the best choice for high-level disinfection of semicritical respiratory care equipment? ANS -
glutaraldehyde. (Egan Pg 74)
Among respiratory care equipment what have the greatest potential to spread infection? ANS - large-
volume nebulizers. (Egan Pg 74)
The use of what is part of routine care when there is skin care? ANS - gloves. (Egan Pg 74)
List three general barrier methods used to prevent exposure to organisms ANS - gloves, gown and
goggle/mask. (Egan Pg 68)
Ventilator circuits may be used up to how many days before they need to be changed? ANS - 7. (Egan
pg 68)
What type of water should be placed in the nebulizer? ANS - sterile distilled water. (Egan Pg 63)
The best way to prevent the spread of infection in the ICU is to? ANS - Wash your hands after every
patient contact. (Egan Pg 54)
What should be worn to treat patients with tuberculosis? ANS - N-95 mask. (Egan Pg 72)
antiseptics ANS - tending to inhibit growth and reproduction of microorganisms
bacteriostatic ANS - ability to restrain the growth of micro-organisms
contact precautions ANS - safeguards designed to reduce the risk of transmission of epidemiologically
important microorganisms by direct of indirect contact
, disinfection ANS - the process of destroying at least the vegetative phase of pathogenic
microorganisms by physical or chemical means
droplet nuclei ANS - residue of evaporated water droplets; owing to their small size(0.5-12mm) droplet
nuclei can remain suspended in the air for long periods of time
Health Care-Associated Infections (HAIs) ANS - infections patients acquire during the course of medical
treatment
Health Care Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC) ANS - *A federal committee
*14 external infection control experts who provide advice and guidance to CDC & Secretary of the Dept
of human services
*health care infection control
*strategies for surveillance, prevention, control of health care associated infections
*in US health care facilities
High-Efficient Particulate Air/Aerosol (HEPA) filters ANS - *filtration device
*capable of 99.99% efficacy on particulate matter down to 0.3mm
hospital-acquired or nosocomial infections ANS - *infection acquired at least 72 hours after
hospitalization
*most often occur in surgical patients chest/abdominal
*often caused by Candida Albicans, Escherichia Coli, Hepatitis viruses, Herpes Zoster Virus,
Pseudomonas or Staphylococcuss
immunocompromised hosts ANS - those highly susceptible to infections, especially infections caused by
bacteria, fungi or viruses
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) ANS - Branch of the US Department of Labor,
responsible for regulation of on the job safety
respiratory hygiene/cough etiquette ANS - *education of health care personnel, patients & visitors
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