Bio 1100 ECU Exam 2 Questions and 100% Correct Answers
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Course
ECU BIO 1100
Institution
ECU BIO 1100
Energy is neither ____ or ____. It simply ________. Created, destroyed, changes form
What are the 2 types of energy? Kinetic, Potential
Kinetic Energy (def, @molecular lvl) Energy of Motion; Thermal Energy (heat production through consistent motion)
Potential Energy (def, @molecular lvl) Energy ...
Bio 1100 ECU Exam 2 Questions and
100% Correct Answers
Energy is neither ____ or ____. It simply ________. ✅Created, destroyed, changes
form
What are the 2 types of energy? ✅Kinetic, Potential
Kinetic Energy (def, @molecular lvl) ✅Energy of Motion; Thermal Energy (heat
production through consistent motion)
Potential Energy (def, @molecular lvl) ✅Energy of position/configuration, stored
energy; Chemical energy is stored
Where do electrons have the greatest potential energy? ✅In the outermost electron
shells
Free energy ✅Amount of energy available to do work
Describe the energy transformation in a waterfall (3 main types) ✅-Potential energy at
the top
-Kinetic energy as it falls down
-Other forms (Sound, Mechanical, Heat)
1st Law of Thermodynamics (3) ✅-Energy is conserved
-Energy cannot be created/destroyed but can only be transferred and transformed
-Enthalpy
Enthalpy (equation, def of variables, what does it measure?) ✅H = U + pV
H (Enthalpy), U (internal energy), p (pressure), V (volume)
-Heat of chemical reactions, measure of chemical potential energy
When Enthalpy is negative it is... ✅Exothermic
When Enthalpy is positive it is... ✅Endothermic
2nd Law of Thermodynamics (2) ✅-Total Entropy always increases in isolated systems
-Gibbs Free energy equation
Entropy (def, how do you decrease it?) ✅Amount of disorder or randomness, take in
energy
, What determines whether a reaction is spontaneous or requires added energy to
proceed? ✅Gibbs Free Energy Change (delta G)
delta G = ___ - __ x __ (def of variables) ✅delta G = delta H - T x delta S
G (gibbs free energy), H (enthalpy), S (entropy), t (temperature in Kelvins)
When delta G < 0 (spontaneous?, type of reaction) ✅Spontaneous, exergonic reaction
When delta G > 0 (spontaneous?, type of reaction) ✅Not spontaneous (requires
energy), endergonic reaction
When delta G = 0 ✅reaction is at equilibrium
Temperature increases... ✅the reaction rate
An exergonic reaction... ✅releases energy
An endergonic reaction... ✅requires energy
What is Energetic Coupling? ✅Allows chemical energy released from one reaction to
drive another reaction
In energetic coupling, which reaction is driving the other (and why?). ✅Exergonic
reactions are driving endergonic reactions
What does ATP stand for? ✅Adenosine Triphosphate
What is ATP used for? ✅ATP stores a large amount of potential energy
Reduction-oxidation reactions (redox reactions) ✅Chemical reactions that involve
electron transfer
What does it mean to be oxidized? ✅losing an electron
What does it mean to be reduced? ✅gaining an electron
How can electrons be transferred in a redox reaction? (2) ✅Electrons can be
transferred completely from one atom to another OR simply shift their position in
covalent bonds
Enzymes are ✅protein catalysts
Enzymes function to decrease ____ and increase _____ ______. ✅Decrease
substrate and increase reaction rate
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