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UC NURS 8024 Module 7 Pharm: Questions With Solutions
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UC NURS 8024 Module 7 Pharm: Questions With Solutions
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UC NURS 8024 Module 7 Pharm: Questions WithSolutions
Beta-lactam antibiotics Right Ans - inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis,
bactericidal. ex: penicillins, cephalosporins, cephamycins, carbapenems,
monobactams, beta-lactamase inhibitors
Allergic interstitial nephritis Right Ans - ADE of beta-lactams specifically
1st gen penicillins Right Ans - narrow spectrum PCN. Ex: PCN VK. effective
against Gram positives
2nd gen penicillins Right Ans - broader spectrum PCN, effective against
Gram positives and some Gram negatives. ex: amox, amp
Penicillinase resistant PCNs Right Ans - effective against MSSA. ex: nafcillin,
oxacillin, cloxacillin, dicloxacillin
3rd gen penicillins Right Ans - broader spectrum PCN, increased activity
against gram negatives, but lose some of gram positive coverage. ex:
carbenicillin, ticarcillin
4th gen penicillins Right Ans - broader spectrum PCN, some gram positive
coverage, improved gram negative coverage. ex: piperacillin - usually combo
with beta-lactamase inhibitor
Combo with beta-lactamase inhibitors Right Ans - PCN + enhanced activity
against beta-lactamase producing organisms. ex: augmentin, unasyn, timentin,
zosyn
Cephalosporins Right Ans - 4 gens, cross-allergenicity with other beta-
lactams
1st gen cephalosporins Right Ans - cefazolin (IV) and cephalexin (Keflex)
(PO). beta-lactamase sensitive. tx skin and soft tissue infections, UTIs.
, 2nd gen cephalosporins Right Ans - PO and IV. 2 subgroups w/ activity
against H. flu and bacteroides - start to have a little bit of gram - coverage. ex:
cefaclor, cefuroxime, cefprozil. used in OM, resp infxns, UTIs
3rd gen cephalosporins Right Ans - PO and IV. less activity against gram
positive, broader gram negative activity. beta-lactamase resistant. ex:
ceftriaxone, cefotaxime. used in OM, resp infxns, meningitis, gonorrhea, UTIs
4th gen cephalosporins Right Ans - IV only - cefepime. less gram positive
activity, more gram negative activity. beta-lactamase resistant. used in resp
infxns, intra-abdominal, soft tissue infxns, complicated UTIs
5th gen cephalosporins Right Ans - ceftaroline. very broad spectrum:
covers both gram + and -, activity against MRSA. used in CAP, MRSA, skin and
soft tissue infections
Carbapenems Right Ans - IV. very broad spectrum, used for serious
infections, good tissue penetration including CSF. can use if allergy to PCN. ex:
meropenem
Monobactams Right Ans - IV. active against aerobic, gram negative bacteria
only. can use if allergy to PCN. ex: aztreonam
Glycopeptides Right Ans - vancomycin, telavancin, dalbavancin
Vancomycin Right Ans - bactericidal, inhibits cell wall synthesis - kills
slower than beta-lactams. Gram positive only. used for MRSA. oral for C.diff.
time dependent killer, more frequent doses. renally eliminated - need to renal
dose
Vancomycin ADE Right Ans - phlebitis, red man syndrome, ototoxicity
Aminoglycosides Right Ans - IV. inhibits protein synthesis-binds to
ribosomes, Gram negatives. bactericidal, ex: gentamicin, tobramycin,
amikacin, streptomycin. concentration dependent killing - want plasma level
high. post-antibiotic effects. half life depends on renal function, if impaired
will have longer half life
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