Exam (elaborations)
NURS8024 Pharm Module 3: Questions & Solutions
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NURS8024 Pharm Module 3: Questions & Solutions
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NURS8024 Pharm Module 3: Questions & SolutionsRegional variation in Drug penetration Right Ans - Scrotum, face, axillary,
and scalp- more permeable than forearm
Drug penetration higher in? Right Ans - Face, scalp, intertriginous areas,
and perineum. Higher susceptible to irritation and allergic contact reactions
Concentration gradient Right Ans - Increase ......... increase mass of drug
transferred per unit time
Dosing schedule Right Ans - Local half-life can allow once daily application
of drugs with short systemic half lives
Vehicle Right Ans - Maximizes ability of the drug to penetrate outer layers.
Moistened or drying
Occlusion Right Ans - Plastic wrap. Effective in maximizing efficacy
Consideration of vehicle Right Ans - Solubility, rate of release, stability, and
interactions
Ability of the vehicle to prevent evaporation Right Ans - Increase from the
least tinctures and wet dressing.....greatest in ointments
Types of vehicles for dermatologic preparations Right Ans - Creams-
spreads easy, no greasy, low occlusion
Ointment- provides protective oil film, spreads easy, slows water evaporation.
Mod/high occlusion, ^ skin moisture, greasy
Gel/Foam- water-soluble emulsion, concentrates drug on skin after
evaporation, good for scalp/hair skin
Lotion/Solution/Foam- can be water or alcohol based, little residue
Liposomes and microgel- enhance penetration and decrease irritation.
Optimal medication Vehicle Right Ans - Acute inflammation w/oozing,
vesiculation, and crusting- drying preparation
Chronic inflammation w/xerosis, scaling, and lichenification- lubricating
vehicles
Scalp and hairy areas- tinctures, lotions, gels, foams, and aerosols
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