Pediatric Exam 3 Practice Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
GU Peds
Institution
GU Peds
A male newborn is found to have exstrophy of the bladder. The nurse should evaluate the infant for which of the following? SATA
a) hypospadias b) epispadias c) cryptoorchidism d) acute tubular necrosis e) bilateral inguinal hernias B) Epispadias E) Bilateral Inguinal Hernias
Epispadias and bilate...
Pediatric Exam 3 Practice Questions and
Correct Answers
A male newborn is found to have exstrophy of the bladder. The nurse should evaluate
the infant for which of the following? SATA
a) hypospadias
b) epispadias
c) cryptoorchidism
d) acute tubular necrosis
e) bilateral inguinal hernias ✅B) Epispadias
E) Bilateral Inguinal Hernias
Epispadias and bilateral inguinal hernias are frequent anomalies associated w/
exstrophy of the bladder
a child has been admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis "rule out nephrotic syndrome."
The nurse would assess the child for which of the following s/s?
A) hematuria
B) edema
C) petechial rash
D) dehydration ✅B) Edema
edema is a major clinical s/s of nephrotic syndrome
the child may gain 2x their normal wt in severe cases
dehydration is the opposite of what the pt is experiencing
the nurse is caring for a toddler who is not toilet trained. The nurse practitioner has
ordered intake and output measurements. The nurse will most likely measure the urine
using which method?
A) estimating UOP as small, moderate, or large and recording it on the chart
B) weighing each diaper and recording the weight as the amount of UOP
C) subtracting the weight of a dry diaper from a wet diaper and recording the amount
D) Determine UOP by the number of diaper changes in each 24 hr period ✅C)
subtracting the weight of a dry diaper from a wet diaper and recording the amount
diapers are weighed on a gram scale before using them and after removal (1 g = 1 ml)
the weight of a dry diaper is subtracted from the wt of a wet diaper to determine UOP
,the nurse has provided the parents of a preschooler with info about UTIs and how to
reduce their recurrence. Which statement from the parents indicate they understood the
information?
SATA
A) " I should try to get her drink a lot of water and juices"
B) "I will buy her underwear made with cotton"
C) "Soaking in a bubble bath will reduce irritation"
D) "If i notice her starting to wet the bed again, I need to have her checked for another
UTI"
E) "I should avoid giving her cranberry juice as it has been shown to make the urine
more acidic" ✅A) " I should try to get her drink a lot of water and juices"
B) "I will buy her underwear made with cotton"
D) "If i notice her starting to wet the bed again, I need to have her checked for another
UTI"
RATIONALES
- drinking an increased amount of fluids helps flush microbes from the bladder
- cotton does not trap moisture
- bed wetting may be a sign of UTI
- bubble baths are irritating of to the meatus and increase the incidence of UTIs
- cranberry may acidify urine or may prevent bacteria from sticking to the bladder wall
the nurse would include which of the following in the care of a child with acute
glomerulonephritis. SATA
A) carefully handle edematous extremities
B) measuring BP to monitor for HTN
C) providing fun activities if child is on bedrest
D) monitoring the urine for hematuria
E) encourage fluid intake ✅B) measuring BP to monitor for HTN
C) providing fun activities if child is on bedrest
D) monitoring the urine for hematuria
Rationale
- glomerulonephritis can be associated w/ HTN; therefore, MUST check BPs
- children are no longer confined to bedrest
- severe edema of the extremities is not generally seen in glomerulonephritis
a urinalysis is ordered for a child w/ a throat culture positive for group A beta hemolytic
strep (strep throat)
when the mom asks why this test is being ordered, what would the nurse appropriately
include in the response?
A) the UA will indicate whether an HIV infection is also present
B) UTIs are common with streptococcal infections and need to receive prompt treatment
, C) pyelonephritis is a potential complication of ABX therapy
D) Group A beta hemolytic strep infections can be followed by the complication of acute
glomerulonephritis ✅D) Group A beta hemolytic strep infections can be followed by the
complication of acute glomerulonephritis
Rationale
- UA allows for early diagnosis and treatment of AGN, which is a serious complication
following a group a beta hemolytic strep infection
- HIV screening is done initially by an ELISA
- UTIs are not commonly associated w/ strep infections
- pyelonephritis is an infection of the pelvis of the kidney, and is often a complication of
ascending infection from the urinary bladder
what would the nurse select as an appropriate nursing diagnosis for an infant with
unrepaired exstrophy of the bladder?
A) disorganized infant behavior
B) impaired parent-infant attachment
C) Urinary Retention
D) Risk for Infection ✅D) Risk for Infection
Rationale
- the open bladder allows bacteria to enter the urinary system, and UTIs are common
- disorganized behavior does not apply
- although there is a risk for impaired parent-infant attachment at the time of birth, this
diagnosis is written as an actual nursing diagnosis, and there is no evidence to support
this with the info given
- the unformed bladder does not hold urine, so urinary retention would not be an
appropriate diagnosis
a child has been admitted to the unit with AGN. What test does the nurse anticipate will
be ordered to confirm the diagnosis?
A) ASO titer
B) UA
C) blood cultures
D) WBC count ✅A) ASO titer
rationale
- ASO titer indicates a preceding infection with a group a beta hemolytic strep, which
can lead to glomerulonephritis as a complication
- UA would show hematuria, but this alone would not be a diagnostic of AGN
- blood cultures may be negative as the infection preceded the illness by 1-3 weeks
- a WBC count could be elevated with any inflammatory or infectious process in the
body, and thus is not diagnostic for AGN
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