Genitourinary Disorders Practice Questions and Solutions
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Course
GU Peds
Institution
GU Peds
1. The bladder capacity of a 3-year-old is approximately how much? 1. 1.5 fl. oz. 2. 3 fl. oz. 3. 4 fl. oz. 4. 5 fl. oz. 4. The capacity of the bladder in fluid ounces can be estimated by adding 2 to the child's age in years.
The nurse is caring for a 4-year-old who weighs 15 kg. At the end of a 1...
Genitourinary Disorders Practice
Questions and Solutions
1. The bladder capacity of a 3-year-old is approximately how much?
1. 1.5 fl. oz.
2. 3 fl. oz.
3. 4 fl. oz.
4. 5 fl. oz. ✅4. The capacity of the bladder in fluid ounces can be estimated by adding
2 to the child's age in years.
The nurse is caring for a 4-year-old who weighs 15 kg. At the end of a 10-hour period,
the nurse notes the urine output to be 150 mL. What action does the nurse take?
1. Notifies the physician because this urine output is too low.
2. Encourages the child to increase oral intake to increase urine output.
3. Records the child's urine output in the chart.
4. Administers isotonic fluid intravenously to help with rehydration. ✅3. Recording the
child's urine output in the chart is the appropriate action because the urine output is
within the expected range of 0.5-1 mL/kg/hr, or 75-150 mL for the 10-hour period.
A child had a urinary tract infection (UTI) 3 months ago and was treated with an oral
antibiotic. A follow-up urinalysis revealed normal results. The child has had no other
problems until this visit when the child was diagnosed with another UTI. Which is the
most appropriate plan?
1. Urinalysis, urine culture, and VCUG.
2. Evaluate for renal failure.
3. Admit to the pediatric unit.
4. Discharge home on an antibiotic. ✅1. Urinalysis and urine culture are routinely used
to diagnose UTIs. VCUG is used to determine the extent of urinary tract involvement
when a child has a second UTI within 1 year.
Which should the nurse teach a group of girls and parents about the importance of
preventing urinary tract infections (UTIs)?
1. Avoiding constipation has no effect on the occurrence of UTIs.
2. After urinating, always wipe from back to front to prevent fecal contamination.
3. Hygiene is an important preventive measure and can be accomplished with frequent
tub baths.
4. Increasing fluids will help prevent and treat UTIs. ✅4. Increasing fluids will help flush
the bladder of any organism, encourage urination, and prevent stasis of urine.
Which child does not need a urinalysis to evaluate for a urinary tract infection (UTI)?
1. A 4-month-old female presenting with a 2-day history of fussiness and poor appetite;
current vital signs include axillary T 100.8°F (38.2°C), HR 120 beats per minute.
2. A 4-year-old female who states, "It hurts when I pee"; she has been urinating every
30 minutes; vital signs are within normal range.
, 3. An 8-year-old male presenting with a finger laceration; mother states he had surgical
reimplantation of his ureters 2 years ago.
4. A 12-year-old female complaining of pain to her lower right back; she denies any
burning or frequency at this time; oral temperature of 101.5°F (38.6°C). ✅3. Although
this child has had a history of urinary infections, the child is currently not displaying any
signs and therefore does not need a urinalysis at this time.
1. Fussiness and lack of appetite can indicate a UTI. Signs of infection, such as fever
and increased heart rate, should be evaluated to determine whether an infection exists.
2. Frequency and urgency are classic signs of a UTI.
4. Pain to the lower right back can indicate infection of the upper urinary tract. Although
the child currently denies any burning or frequency, the child currently has a fever
coupled with flank pain, which needs evaluation.
Which is the best way to obtain a urine sample in an 8-month-old being evaluated for a
urinary tract infection (UTI)?
1. Carefully cleanse the perineum from front to back, and apply a self-adhesive urine
collection bag to the perineum.
2. Insert an indwelling Foley catheter, obtain the sample, and wait for results.
3. Place a sterile cotton ball in the diaper, and immediately obtain the sample with a
syringe after the first void.
4. Using a straight catheter, obtain the sample, and immediately remove the catheter
without waiting for the results of the urine sample. ✅4. An in-and-out catheterization is
the best way to obtain a urine culture in a child who is not yet toilet-trained.
Which statement by a parent is most consistent with minimal change nephrotic
syndrome (MCNS)?
1. "My child missed 2 days of school last week because of a really bad cold."
2. "After camping last week, my child's legs were covered in bug bites."
3. "My child came home from school a week ago due to vomiting and stomach cramps."
4. "We have a pet turtle but no one washes their hands after playing with the turtle."
✅1. An upper respiratory infection often precedes MCNS by a few days.
The clinical manifestations of minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) are due to
which of the following?
1. Chemical changes in the composition of albumin.
2. Increased permeability of the glomeruli.
3. Obstruction of the capillaries of the glomeruli.
4. Loss of the kidney's ability to excrete waste and concentrate urine. ✅2. Increased
permeability of the glomeruli in MCNS allows large substances such as protein to pass
through and be excreted in the urine.
The parents of a child hospitalized with minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS)
ask why the last blood test revealed elevated lipids. Which is the nurse's best
response?
1. "If your child had just eaten a fatty meal, the lipids may have been falsely elevated."
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