Biology 1100 Exam #1
Biology is the study of - Answer-life
Homeostasis is - Answer-how an organism maintains stable internal conditions
despite external changes
Eukaryotes have _____ that prokaryotes do not? - Answer-membrane-bound
organelles
Levels of organization from least to most complex: - Answer-atom, molecule,
organelle, cell, tissue, organ system, organism, ecosystem, biosphere
A hypothesis must be able to be ____ and ____. - Answer-disproven; testable
What is the smallest unit of biological structure that meets the functional requirement
of living? - Answer-cell
During digestion, carbs are broken down into what? - Answer-glucose
What are proteins monomers? - Answer-amino acids
What are carbohydrates monomers? - Answer-simple sugars (monosaccarides)
What are lipids monomers? - Answer-fatty acids
What are the three domains? - Answer-Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya
What are the four kingdoms of Eukarya? - Answer-animal, plant, fungi, protist
To be considered alive, you have to have: - Answer-cellular organization, ability to
reproduce, show growth and development, energy utilization, evolutionary
adaptation, and response to stimuli
What classifies an organism in a domain? - Answer-size, number of cells, complexity
(prokaryotic/eukaryotic), and how it obtains food.
What type of reasoning involves descriptive/number usage to arrive at a general
conclusion? - Answer-inductive reasoning
Why are some nutrients considered essential? - Answer-the body can't make them,
so they have to come from our diet
What is Persitalsis - Answer-wave-like smooth muscle contractions that move food
What are coenzymes? - Answer-vitamins that are required in small amounts to assist
enzymes with their function
, What are the 4 major classes macromolecules? - Answer-carbohydrates, fats,
proteins, nucleotides
What are macromolecules? - Answer-large molecules that are necessary for life
life is" _____"-based - Answer-carbon
An example of a monosaccharide is - Answer-glucose
An example of a disaccharide is - Answer-sucrose
An example of a polysaccharide is - Answer-starch, glycogen, chitin, cellulose (fiber)
What are the functions of lipids? - Answer-building blocks for hormones, long-term
energy storage, isulation/protection, and make up part of the cell membrane
What are the functions of proteins? - Answer-structural (hair, fingernails), contractive
(muscles), transport (hemoglobin carries o2 to blood), protective (antibodies fight
germs), regulatory (hormones), digestion (insulin/enzymes).
Which organisms are always unicellular? - Answer-Bacteria, archaea, protist
Which kingdoms of the Eukarya classification are always multicellular? - Answer-
plants and animals
Which kingdom in the Eukarya classification always both unicellular and multicellular
- Answer-fungi
What are the similarities amongst living organisms, despite diversity? - Answer-all
organisms are made up of cells, have similar molecules, do similar chemical
reactions, and use the same genetic material (DNA)
How can the similarities between organisms as well as diversity be explained? -
Answer-Evolutionary theory
What is an organic molecule? - Answer-contain carbon and hydrogen molecules
What is a monomer? - Answer-small building blocks that create a polymer (ex. animo
acids, simple sugars, fatty acids)
What is a polymer? - Answer-a large molecule made by boding smaller pieces
together (ex. carbohydrates, proteins, lipids)
What is metabolism? - Answer-sum of all chemical reactions in the body
What are some factors that affect your basal metabolism? - Answer-weight, sex,
age, height, body composition
What 3 factors contribute to the calories you burn? - Answer-basal metabolism, food
processing, physical activity
